Porosity and Thickness of the Vertebral Endplate Depend on Local Mechanical Loading

Zehra, Uruj; Robson-Brown, K; Adams, Michael A.; Dolan, Patricia

doi:10.1097/brs.0000000000000925

Cited by 48 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Although we repeated the analyses using IDP normalized by IVD cross-sectional area and found no substantive effect on the results, this normalization likely only mitigates the effect of anatomical differences among donors. Fifth, as compared to QCT, higher-resolution CT imaging, such as micro-computed tomography would have allowed us to examine endplate porosity, which has been correlated to IDP within the NP (Zehra, et al, 2015). Lastly, the AF regions included cortical shell, which accentuated the differences in bone density between AF and NP regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Loss of glycosaminoglycan content and water from the NP, and tears in the annulus fibrosus (AF), lead to changes in the distribution of intradiscal pressure (IDP) among the NP, anterior AF, and posterior AF (Adams, et al, 1996; McNally and Adams, 1992; Zehra, et al, 2015). The abnormal distribution of IDP may cause the clinical symptoms of degenerative disc disease (Inoue and Espinoza Orias, 2011), as well as further structural damage (Stefanakis, et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is bone density associated with intervertebral disc pressure in healthy and degenerated discs?

Fein

DelMonaco

Jackman

et al. 2017

Journal of Biomechanics

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The coupling of the intervertebral disc (IVD) and vertebra as a biomechanical unit suggests that changes in the distribution of pressure within the IVD (intradiscal pressure, IDP) as a result of disc degeneration can influence the distribution of bone density within the vertebra, and vice versa. The goal of this study was to assess the correspondence between IDP and bone density in the adjacent vertebrae, with emphasis on how this correspondence differs between healthy and degenerated IVDs. Bone density of the endplates and subchondral bone in regions adjacent to the anterior and posterior annulus fibrosus (aAF and pAF, respectively) and nucleus pulposus (NP) was measured via quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in 61 spine segments (T7-9, T9-11, T10-12; 71±14 years). IDP was measured in the aAF, NP, and pAF regions in 26 of the spine segments (68±16 years) while they were tested in flexed (5°) or erect postures. Disc degeneration was assessed by multiple grading schemes. No correlation was found between bone density and IDP in either posture (p>0.104). Regional variations in IDP and, to a greater extent bone density, were found to change with advancing degeneration: both IDP (p=0.045) and bone density (p=0.024) decreased in the NP region relative to the aAF region. The finding of only a modest correspondence between degeneration-associated changes in IDP and bone density may arise from complexity in how IDP relates to mechanical force transmission through the endplate and from limitations of the available IVD grading schemes in estimating the mechanical behavior of the IVD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is bone density associated with intervertebral disc pressure in healthy and degenerated discs?

Fein

DelMonaco

Jackman

et al. 2017

Journal of Biomechanics

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“…The calcification process causes the gradual loss of cartilaginous endplate and reduction of disc nutritional pathways, further initiating degeneration . The degenerated discs are closely related to reduced mechanical pressure and are characterized by increased porosity and thinning of the endplates, making them vulnerable to damage . The damaged endplate removes the barrier between the discs and subchondral bone marrow, encouraging “cross‐talk” and the cascade leading to MCs .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individuals with less structural adaptation to bipedalism, such as a lower PI and vertical pelvis, are prone to sub‐optimal biomechanics and altered disc‐endplate stressors (Figure ) . Individuals with a low PI exhibit a more vertical pelvis closer to the morphology of big primates that possess a very short (anterior–posterior diameter) pelvic ring .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…46 The degenerated discs are closely related to reduced mechanical pressure and are characterized by increased porosity and thinning of the endplates, making them vulnerable to damage. 47 The damaged endplate removes the barrier between the discs and subchondral bone marrow, encouraging "cross-talk" and the cascade leading to MCs. 48 In our study, the association of lumbar disc dis- influences and others to extraneous risk factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spinopelvic alignment predicts disc calcification, displacement, and Modic changes: Evidence of an evolutionary etiology for clinically‐relevant spinal phenotypes

et al. 2020

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Lumbar disc‐displacement, Modic changes (MCs), and UTE Disc Sign (UDS) on MRI are clinically relevant spinal phenotypes that can lead to sciatica/LBP. Not all degenerated discs result in disc‐displacement, MCs and UDS, suggesting varied etiologies. Spinopelvic parameters have been implicated in various spinal disorders. Pelvic incidence (PI) is “fixed parameter” since skeletal maturity. No study has addressed disc‐displacement, MCs and UDS in context of spinopelvic parameters. Therefore, the aim of study was to determine if spinopelvic parameters are associated and predict clinically‐relevant MRI‐phenotypes. One hundred and eight population‐based subjects (mean age: 52.3 years) were recruited. Spondylolisthesis and scoliosis individuals were excluded. Lumbar lordosis (LL), PI, sacral slope (SS), and pelvic tilt (PT) were assessed on lateral plain radiographs. Disc degeneration was assessed and summated, and presence or not of disc‐displacement and MCs were noted on T2W MRI. UDS was detected on UTE. Following exclusion criteria, 95 subjects were assessed. Disc‐displacement (82.1%), MCs (52.6%), and UDS (37.9%) were associated with lower PI, SS, LL, and LL/PI index. On multivariate analyses, lower PI was significantly related to development of these MRI phenotypes (adjusted OR range:0.95‐0.92; P < .05), with critical PI value of 42° or lower exhibiting fourfold increase risk of combined phenotypes (P = .020). Of UDS discs, 39.3% had adjacent MCs and 83.6% had disc‐displacement. 87.5% of MC had directly adjacent UDS. The first study to note that PI may “predict” the development of disc‐displacement, MCs and UDS, suggesting potential sub‐variants and mechanistic susceptibility that may be grounded in spinopelvic evolution. An “evolutionary etiological pathway” of spinal phenotype development is proposed.

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circRNA_0058097 promotes tension‐induced degeneration of endplate chondrocytes by regulating HDAC4 expression through sponge adsorption of miR‐365a‐5p

Xiao

Ding

et al. 2019

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Excessive mechanical tension can lead to the degeneration of endplate chondrocytes. The presence of tension‐sensitive circRNA_0058097 molecules has been detected in human endplate chondrocytes, where it was found to be a potential competing endogenous RNA. Indeed, inhibiting the expression of circRNA_0058097 effectively enhanced the stress resistance of endplate chondrocytes, suggesting that it may be an important trigger point for the degeneration of endplate cartilage. Through a series of experiments, we reveal that circRNA_0058097 can upregulate the expression of downstream target gene histone deacetylase 4 by sponge adsorption of miR‐365a‐5p, which promoted morphological changes of endplate chondrocytes, and increased extracellular matrix degradation and degeneration of endplate cartilage. Therefore, circRNA_0058097 may provide a new way to prevent and treat endplate cartilage degeneration.

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Porosity and Thickness of the Vertebral Endplate Depend on Local Mechanical Loading

Abstract: N/A.

Cited by 48 publications

References 58 publications

Is bone density associated with intervertebral disc pressure in healthy and degenerated discs?

Is bone density associated with intervertebral disc pressure in healthy and degenerated discs?

Spinopelvic alignment predicts disc calcification, displacement, and Modic changes: Evidence of an evolutionary etiology for clinically‐relevant spinal phenotypes

circRNA_0058097 promotes tension‐induced degeneration of endplate chondrocytes by regulating HDAC4 expression through sponge adsorption of miR‐365a‐5p

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