Self-perceived effects of pornography consumption were studied in a sample of university students in Indonesia-a conservative, Muslim majority country with strict anti-pornography laws. Using a cross-sectional design and a modified version of the Pornography Consumption Effect Scale (PCES), we assessed participants' reports of how pornography affected their sexual knowledge, attitude toward sex, sex life, perception of and attitude toward the opposite gender, and life in general. The area of attitude toward sex excepted, the study found that both men and women reported significantly larger positive than negative effects. Further, as compared to women, men reported significantly larger negative effects of their pornography consumption. For both genders, pornography-related variables were found to add significantly to the prediction of both positive and negative self-perceived effects of pornography consumption over and above a number of included control variables.Relative to adverse effects, potential positive effects of pornography consumption remain greatly understudied (Diamond, 2009;Doring, 2009;McKee, 2007aMcKee, , 2007b. Further, effects of pornography consumption have been studied almost exclusively using Western background samples and without direct reference to the consumers' own self-perceived experiences of suchThe findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the University of Surabaya.