“…Similarly, D'Amato (2006) has reported that the four U.S. states with the lowest rates of Internet access have increased rates of forcible rape by 53 percent from 1980 to 2000, while the four U.S. states with the highest rates of Internet access have decreased rates of rape by 27 percent during this period. Evidence for a confluence model of intense effects of sexually explicit materials on those with antisocial personality dispositions is also lacking in relation to findings for sex offenders' reported use of pornography, which generally either does not differ from or is lesser than that of controls (see, for example, Abel, Becker, & Mittleman, 1985;Becker & Stein, 1991;Goldstein & Kant, 1973;Langevin et al, 1988;Malamuth et al, 2001; for an exception see Marshall, 1988).…”