Porcine rotavirus C in pigs with gastroenteritis on Thai swine farms, 2011–2016

Tuanthap, Supansa; Phupolphan, Cherdpong; Luengyosluechakul, Supol; Duang-in, Ausanee; Theamboonlers, Apiradee; Wattanaphansak, Suphot; Vongpunsawad, Sompong; Amonsin, Alongkorn; Poovorawan, Yong

doi:10.7717/peerj.4724

Cited by 14 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Except for the co-infections with PEDV, various other types of co-infections existed in the study. It was considered that animals co-infected with more than one enteric virus experienced increased intestinal epithelium damage and/or viral replication, which results in more severe diarrhea [10]. Forty samples of diarrhea in piglets in Sichuan Province were tested and ve samples (12.5%) of multiplex infections of PKoV, PAstV and PToV were identi ed [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Multiple Infections of Porcine Diarrhea Viruses in Local Area Based on A Luminex xTAG Multiplex Detection Method

Liu

Shi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Porcine viral diarrhea can cause great damage to the pig industry. However, multiple infections have contributed to the poor control of diarrhea, which has also resulted in great difficulties in determining the main pathogenic factors. Methods A Luminex xTAG multiplex detection method was developed for the detection of 11 viral diarrhea pathogens, which allows for the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative detection of viral diarrhea pathogens in clinical samples. A total of 518 porcine stool specimens were collected from 9 pig herds in Shanghai, China from 2015 to 2017, and the pathogen spectrums and co-infections were analyzed. Results The minimum detection rate of the Luminex xTAG multiplex detection method was at least 10 times higher than the traditional PCR method. Of the 518 diarrhea samples, PEDV was found in 17.57% (91/518), PKoV in 40.35% (209/518), PAstV in 26.64% (138/518), PSV in 15.06% (78/518), PoSaV in 13.13% (68/518), PTV in 5.21% (27/518), PDCoV in 4.83% (25/518), PoRV in 3.28% (17/518), TGEV in 3.09% (16/518), PToV in 1.93% (10/518), and BVDV in 1.74% (9/518), respectively. Furthermore, multiple infections were commonly seen, with positive rate of 35.14%. Infection pattern of the viral diarrheal pathogens in a specific farm was changing, and different farms had the various diarrhea infection patterns. A longitudinal investigation showed that PEDV was still the key pathogen which was closely related to the death of diarrhea piglets. Other pathogens might play synergistic roles in the pathogenesis of diarrhea disease. Conclusions Here we provided a Luminex xTAG multiple detection method for viral diarrhea pathogen infection in clinical, which was more sensitive and specific than general multiplex PCR method. Furthermore, the surveillance confirmed high infection rate of PKoV, but PEDV was still the key pathogen and multiple pathogens synergistically complicated the infection status in southern China, suggesting that controlling porcine diarrhea might be more complex than previously thought. A better understanding of viruses that cause diarrhea in piglets will aid in better preventing and controlling epidemics of viral porcine diarrhea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The precise data about the prevalence of multiple infections in porcine and wild boars have only been reported in a limited number of countries [10,11]. Moreover, the prevalence and multiplex infections of porcine diarrhea in Shanghai have never been studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multiple Infections of Porcine Diarrhea Viruses in Local Area Based on A Luminex xTAG Multiplex Detection Method

Liu

Shi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Clinically, PEDV, TGEV, PoRV, and PDCoV are the major causative agents of viral diarrhea in piglets. In some cases, mixed infections with two or more these viruses are common, which seriously interfere with clinical diagnosis [8,16,18,33,34]. Moreover, with the increasing growth of international trades and animal transports, the risk of transboundary spread of porcine viral diarrhea disease has also increased significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PoRV is also a common cause of viral diarrhea diseases among newborn piglets [14,15]. Infection with any of these viruses develops into similar clinical symptoms, including severe diarrhea and dehydration, and in some cases, mixed infections of these pathogens are common; therefore, it is difficult to distinguish them clinically [4,[16][17][18]. Thus, it is of great significance to develop a useful https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcp.2019.101435 Received 1 July 2019; Received in revised form 28 July 2019; Accepted 12 August 2019 method for rapid and accurate differentiation of these viruses causing viral diarrhea in piglets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual priming oligonucleotide (DPO)-based real-time RT-PCR assay for accurate differentiation of four major viruses causing porcine viral diarrhea

Jia

Feng

Wang

et al. 2019

Molecular and Cellular Probes

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A B S T R A C TCurrently in China, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine rotavirus (PoRV), and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) are the major causes of porcine viral diarrhea, and mixed infections in clinics are common, resulting in significant economic losses in pig industry. Here, a dual priming oligonucleotide (DPO)-based multiplex real-time SYBR Green RT-PCR assay were developed for accurately differentiating PEDV, TGEV, PoRV, and PDCoV in clinical specimens targeting the N gene of TGEV, PEDV, and PDCoV, and the VP7 gene of PoRV. Results showed that the DPO primer allowed a wider annealing temperature range (40-65°C) and had a higher priming specificity compared to conventional primer, in which more than 3 nucleotides in the 3′-or 5′-segment of DPO primer mismatched with DNA template, PCR amplification efficiency would decrease substantially or extension would not proceed. DPO-based multiplex real-time RT-PCR method had analytical detection limit of 8.63 × 10 2 copies/μL, 1.92 × 10 2 copies/μL, 1.74 × 10 2 copies/μL, and 1.76 × 10 2 copies/μL for PEDV, TGEV, PoRV, and PDCoV in clinical specimens, respectively. A total of 672 clinical specimens of piglets with diarrheal symptoms were collected in Northeastern China from 2017 to 2018 followed by analysis using the assay, and epidemiological investigation results showed that PEDV, TGEV, PoRV, and PDCoV prevalence was 19.05%, 5.21%, 4.32%, and 3.87%, respectively. The assay developed in this study showed higher detection accuracy than conventional RT-PCR method, suggesting a useful tool for the accurate differentiation of the four major viruses causing porcine viral diarrhea in practice.

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“…The precise data about the prevalence of multiple infections and the genetic diversity of the virus in porcine and wild boars have only been reported in a limited number of countries [10,11]. Moreover, the prevalence and multiplex infections of porcine diarrhea in Shanghai have never been studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological analysis of Porcine Viral Diarrhea Pathogens in Local Area

Shi¹,

Li²,

Tao³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Porcine viral diarrhea can cause great damage to the pig industry and high mortality to piglets. Furthermore, multiple pathogen infections and synergistic infections commonly existed in clinic. This has resulted in great difficulties in determining the main pathogenic factors, which would delay the prevention and control of diseases. Methods A total of 518 porcine stool specimens were collected from 9 pig herds in Shanghai, China from 2015 to 2017 and used for pathogen detection. A Luminex xTAG multiplex detection method was developed for the detection of 11 viral diarrhea pathogens, which allows for the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative detection of viral diarrhea pathogens in clinical samples. Results The minimum detection rate of the Luminex xTAG multiplex detection method was at least 10 times higher than the traditional PCR method. As a result, 209 (40.3%) were positive for porcine kobuvirus (PKoV), 138 (26.6%) for porcine astrovirus (PAstV), 91 (17.6%) for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), 78 (15.1%) for porcine sapelovirus (PSV), 68 (13.1%) for porcine sapovirus (PoSaV), 27 (5.2%) for porcine teschovirus (PTV), 25 (4.8%) for porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), 17 (3.3%) for porcine rotavirus (PoRV), 16 (3.1%) for transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), 10 (1.9%) for porcine torovirus (PToV), and 9 (1.7%) for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), respectively. Furthermore, multiple infection rate of diarrhea sample was 17.57% for dual-infection, 11.58%for triple-infection, 4.63% for quadruple-infection, 0.77% for quintuple-infection, 0.58% for sextuple-infection and septuple-infection, respectively. Infection pattern of the viral diarrheal pathogens was changing, and different farm had the various diarrhea infection patterns, which proved the great importance of epidemiological surveillance and the guidance effect to clinical production. PoSaV, PoRV, PAstV, PToV and PEDV were indicated as the predominant viruses of clinical samples collected in 2017 by the quantitative analysis. Conclusions Here we provide a Luminex xTAG multiple detection method for viral diarrhea pathogen infection in clinical,which was more sensitive and specific than general multiplex PCR method. Furthermore, the surveillance confirmed the complicated infection status in China, which demonstrated the need for continuous surveillance and provided data for the prevention and control of viral diarrhea.

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Porcine rotavirus C in pigs with gastroenteritis on Thai swine farms, 2011–2016

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

The Multiple Infections of Porcine Diarrhea Viruses in Local Area Based on A Luminex xTAG Multiplex Detection Method

The Multiple Infections of Porcine Diarrhea Viruses in Local Area Based on A Luminex xTAG Multiplex Detection Method

Dual priming oligonucleotide (DPO)-based real-time RT-PCR assay for accurate differentiation of four major viruses causing porcine viral diarrhea

Epidemiological analysis of Porcine Viral Diarrhea Pathogens in Local Area

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