Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus reduces feed efficiency, digestibility, and lean tissue accretion in grow-finish pigs1

Schweer, Wesley P; Schwartz, Kent; Patience, John F.; Karriker, Locke A.; Sparks, Charles E.; Weaver, M.E.; Fitzsimmons, Mark; Burkey, Thomas E.; Gabler, Nicholas K.

doi:10.2527/tas2017.0054

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…There was no diet × PRRSV interaction ( P > 0.10) at either time point or any effect of PRRSV on any ATTD coefficients evaluated. No effect of PRRSV on ATTD coefficients is in agreement with a previous study from our group ( Schweer et al, 2016b ); however, this is in contrast with another study from our group ( Schweer et al, 2017 ). In the later study, pigs were housed in a commercial barn and not in a BSL2 facility, and could have been exposed to secondary pathogens.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Previous research completed by our group ( Schweer et al, 2016b , 2017 ) and others ( Greiner et al, 2000 ; Escobar et al, 2004 ) have reported reduced growth performance and feed efficiency due to PRRSV infection. Additionally, protein and fat accretion are reduced during a PRRSV challenge both acutely ( Escobar et al, 2004 ) and throughout the entire finishing period ( Schweer et al, 2017 ). Dietary strategies are of interest to recover lost growth performance and promote earlier clearance of virus in pathogen-challenged pigs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Tissue accretion rates and performance efficiency of health-challenged pigs are reduced ( Escobar et al, 2004 ; Curry et al, 2017 ; Schweer et al, 2017 ), suggesting an alteration in nutrient utilization and resource allocation ( Rakhshandeh et al, 2010 ; Rauw, 2012 ). As such, attention has been given to nutritional intervention strategies to improve the health, well-being, and performance of pigs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, one strategy has involved increasing dietary soybean meal ( SBM ), and thus reducing crystalline AA use, which has been touted to promote more rapid disease resolution and improve growth performance and feed efficiency during viral pathogen challenges ( Boyd et al, 2010 ; Rochell et al, 2015 ). However, the mode of action by which these beneficial SBM effects may occur are poorly defined and may involve nutrient digestibility ( Schweer et al, 2017 ) or bioactive compounds associated with SBM (Greiner et al, 2001a, b ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In growing pigs, PRRSV reduces growth performance and feed efficiency ( Escobar et al, 2004 ; Schweer et al, 2016b ). Reduced apparent total tract digestibility ( ATTD ) of nutrients and energy in grow-finisher pigs challenged with PRRSV has also been reported ( Schweer et al, 2017 ); however, in nursery pigs, it has been shown that PRRSV did not alter ATTD or apparent ileal digestibility ( AID ) of nutrients, energy, or AA after experimental infection ( Schweer et al, 2016b ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of PRRSV infection and dietary soybean meal on ileal amino acid digestibility and endogenous amino acid losses in growing pigs1

Schweer

Patience

Burrough

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a significant disease in the swine industry, and increasing soybean meal (SBM) consumption during this disease challenge may improve performance. Our objectives were to determine the impact of SBM level on apparent total tract (ATTD) and ileal (AID) digestibility during PRRSV infection and to determine ileal basal endogenous losses (BEL) during PRRSV infection. Forty PRRSV negative gilts were fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial with high and low SBM (HSBM, 29% vs. LSBM, 10%), with and without PRRSV (n = 6/treatment). The remaining pigs (n = 8/challenge status) were fed a N-free diet. Chromic oxide was used as an indigestible marker. On day post inoculation (dpi) 0, at 47.7 ± 0.57 kg BW, 20 pigs were inoculated with live PRRSV; 20 control pigs were sham inoculated. Infection was confirmed by serum PCR. Feces were collected at dpi 5 to 6 and dpi 16 to 17, and ileal digesta collected at dpi 7 to 8 and dpi 18 to 19. Feed, feces, and digesta were analyzed for DM, N, and GE. Digesta and feed were analyzed for AA. Data were analyzed in a 2 × 2 + 2 factorial design to determine main effects of diet and PRRSV and their interaction. Data from N-free fed pigs were analyzed separately to determine BEL and hindgut disappearance due to PRRSV infection. All control pigs remained PRRSV negative. There were no interactions for AID of AA; however, HSBM reduced DM, GE, Lys, and Met AID and increased Arg and Gly AID during both collection periods (P < 0.05). At dpi 7 to 8 only, PRRSV reduced DM and GE AID (P < 0.05). At 7 to 8 dpi, BEL of Arg, Ala, and Pro were reduced (P < 0.05) due to PRRSV by 64%, 39%, and 94%, respectively. At dpi 18 to 19, BEL of Thr tended (P = 0.06) to be increased in PRRSV-infected pigs; however, no other differences were observed. Pigs fed LSBM had increased Lys, Met, Thr, Trp, and Pro standardized ileal digestibility (SID), primarily at 7 to 8 dpi. At 7 to 8 dpi, PRRSV reduced Arg, Gly, and Pro SID (P < 0.01), and SID Pro continued to be reduced by 17% at dpi 18 to 19. Compared with HSBM pigs, LSBM reduced hindgut disappearance of DM and GE at dpi 5 to 8 and dpi 16 to 19, while N disappearance was reduced at dpi 5 to 8. There were no differences between control and PRRSV N-free fed pigs. Altogether, SBM inclusion impacts SID of AA and hindgut disappearance of nutrients, regardless of PRRSV. In contrast, there is minimal impact of PRRSV on BEL, and therefore, SID of most AA are not different.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%