Porcine peripheral blood dendritic cells and natural interferon‐producing cells

Abstract

Peripheral blood contains two major particular infrequent dendritic cells (DC) subsets linking the innate and specific immune system, the myeloid DC and plasmacytoid DC equivalent to the natural interferon-producing cells (NIPC). The functional characterization of these cells demands large volumes of blood, making a large animal model more appropriate and beneficial for certain studies. Here, two subsets of porcine blood mononuclear cells expressing swine workshop cluster 3 (SWC3, a SIRP family member), are described and compared to monocytes. The blood DC specialized in T-cell stimulation were major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II+, CD80/86+, CD1+/-, CD4-, and in contrast to monocytes CD14-. A CD16- and a CD16+ subset could be discriminated. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-3 were survival factors for this DC subset, and culture induced an up-regulation of MHC class II and CD80/86. The second subset described, are porcine NIPC, typically CD4++, MHC class IIlow, CD80/86low, CD1-, CD8-/low, CD16-/low and CD45RA-/low. Porcine NIPC had high interleukin-3 binding capacity, and survived in response to this cytokine. Their unique function was strong interferon type I secretion after virus stimulation. Both subsets were endocytically active when freshly isolated, and down-regulated this activity after in vitro maturation. Taken together, the present report has delineated porcine blood DC and NIPC, permitting a more detailed understanding of innate immune defences, particularly in response to infections.

Classical swine fever virus induces activation of plasmacytoid and conventional dendritic cells in tonsil, blood, and spleen of infected pigs

“…In blood, jagged variations in frequencies of pDC expressing cytokines illustrated the pDC turnover presented above. These results were in agreement with cytokine production by in vitro CSFV-infected NIPC [4,42]. Moreover, porcine blood-isolated NIPC secreted IFN-α, TNF-α and IL-12, but not IL-10, after CpGoligonucleotide stimulation [20].…”

Site‐specific expression of CD11b and SIRPα (CD172a) on dendritic cells: implications for their migration patterns in the gut immune system

“…Further research is necessary to determine whether porcine SIRPa + and SIRPa -DC have similar functional differences. Previous studies in pigs have described SIRPa + DC in skin, peripheral blood, thymus, and intestinal LP [23,27,38,39], and SIRPa -DC in PP and, as natural interferon-producing cells, in different regions of the intestinal mucosa [32,40]. In our study, SIRPa + and SIRPa -DC were detected in all the compartments examined, but their frequency differed greatly: In "peripheral" regions where antigen uptake occurs, i.e.…”

Immunological properties of recombinant classical swine fever virus NS3 protein in vitro and in vivo

“…For antigen-presentation assays, MoDC of an immune pig were co-cultured with purified autologous lymphocytes (2.5 × 10 6 /mL) prepared from PBMC by using immunomagnetic depletion of the CD172a + fraction containing monocytes and DC [30], or enrichment of CD6 + T cells using the MACS [7]. Purity of the lymphocyte fraction was over 98%.…”