Porcine Gut Microbiota and Host Interactions During the Transition from the Suckling to Postweaning Phase

Metzler‐Zebeli, Barbara U.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-90303-9_8

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 122 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…On the contrary, lactate and propionate levels in this section of the gastrointestinal tract were not significantly different among treatments, though numerically propionate was lowest and lactate highest in treatment gluconic acid at 18 g/kg. The mid-colonic microbiome found in our study, with dominance of Prevotellaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Veillonnellaceae, clearly demonstrates the shift of the postweaning hindgut microbiome to plant-derived glycan metabolism and cross-feeding ecology as reviewed by De Vries and Schmidt [23] and Metzler-Zebeli [24]. Tsukahara et al [5] showed that the lactate and acetate that were produced from gluconic acid were converted to butyrate by acidutilizing bacteria, such as M. elsdenii and M. multacida.…”

Section: Gluconic Acid Affected Microbiome and Fermentation In Gastro...supporting

confidence: 72%

Gluconic acid improves performance of newly weaned piglets associated with alterations in gut microbiome and fermentation

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Weaning is a critical phase in the pigs’ life and gut health might be compromised. Gluconic acid was shown to be poorly absorbed but readily fermented to butyrate in the gut which in turn can improve gut function. Hence, a total of 144 weaning pigs were fed the experimental diets for 42 days. Three treatments were replicated in 8 pens with 6 piglets each: control; low dietary dose of gluconic acid, 9 g/kg; and high dietary dose of gluconic acid, 18 g/kg. After 21 days, one piglet from each pen was sampled for blood haematology and biochemistry, fore- and hindgut digesta characteristics and microbiota, and distal small intestinal histo-morphological indices and gene expression. Results Feeding gluconic acid enhanced performance in period d 0–14 post-weaning, in particular feed intake was increased (P = 0.028), though the high dose did not show benefits over the low dose. Regarding d 0–42, feed intake was elevated (P = 0.026). At d 21, piglets fed 18 g/kg gluconic acid showed a trend for lower number of total white blood cells (P = 0.060), caused by particularly lower numbers of lymphocytes as compared to control (P = 0.028). Highly reduced plasma urea was found for groups fed gluconic acid, it amounted to 2.6 and 2.6 mmol/L for the 9 and 18 g/kg level, respectively, as compared to 3.8 mmol/L in control (P = 0.003). Feeding gluconic acid promoted the relative abundance of lactic-acid-producing and acid-utilizing bacteria. In distal small intestine, Lactobacillus amylovorus increased substantially from 11.3 to 82.6% for control and gluconic acid 18 g/kg, respectively (P < 0.05). In mid-colon, the butyrate producers Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (P > 0.05) and Megasphaera elsdenii (P < 0.05) showed highest abundance in gluconic acid 18 g/kg. Consequently, in caecum and mid-colon, increased relative molar percentage of butyrate were found, e.g., 10.0, 12.9 et 14.7% in caecum for gluconic acid at 0, 9, and 18 g/kg, respectively (P = 0.046). Elevated mRNA anti-inflammatory cytokine and survival signalling levels in distal small intestinal mucosa were found by feeding gluconic acid which might be mediated by butyrate. Conclusions Gluconic acid may have potential to alleviate the postweaning growth-check in pigs by altering microbiota composition and fermentation in the gut.

show abstract

Section: Gluconic Acid Affected Microbiome and Fermentation In Gastro...supporting

confidence: 72%

Gluconic acid improves performance of newly weaned piglets associated with alterations in gut microbiome and fermentation

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Normal development in the early neonatal period is essential for life-long performance and health in pigs [ 17 , 18 ]. Piglet’s development is driven by intrinsic (i.e., genetical programming) and extrinsic factors (e.g., nutrients) throughout the early life phases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creep Feeding and Weaning Influence the Postnatal Evolution of the Plasma Metabolome in Neonatal Piglets

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Data on the evolution of blood metabolites and metabolic markers in neonatal piglets are scarce, although this information is vital to detect physiological aberrations from normal development. We aimed to characterize age- and nutrition-related changes in the plasma metabolome and serum biochemistry of suckling and newly weaned piglets and assess metabolite patterns as physiological markers for the two phases. In two replicate batches (n = 10 litters/group), piglets either received sow milk alone or were additionally offered creep feed from day 10 until weaning (day 28). Blood was collected from one piglet/litter on days 7, 14, 21, 28, 31 and 35 of life, totaling five females and five males/group/day. Signature feature ranking identified plasma triglycerides (TG) as discriminative for age and nutrition during the suckling phase. Influential TG 20:4_36:5, TG 17:0_34:2 and TG 18:2_38:6 were higher in creep-fed piglets on days 14, 21 and 28 of life, respectively, compared to only sow milk-fed piglets. Metabolites belonging to pathways within histidine, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism as well as hippuric acid were distinctive for the postweaning compared to the suckling period. In conclusion, plasma lipid profiles especially corresponded to the type of nutrition in the suckling phase and showed a strong weaning effect.

show abstract

“…Postnatally, SCFA, such as acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, isovalerate and caproate, are recognized as important energetic and signaling agents. They are involved in host nutrition, imprinting of the immune system, cell metabolism, barrier function and intestinal motility [9][10][11]. However, their mechanistic action on the host can differ depending on the type of SCFA and molar proportions in which the SCFA occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, their mechanistic action on the host can differ depending on the type of SCFA and molar proportions in which the SCFA occur. In this line, SCFA-sensing free fatty acid transporters (FFAR) 2 and 3 and monocarboxylate transporters (i.e., sodium-dependent monocarboxylate transporters (SMCT) and monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)-1) have different affinities for the various straight-and branched-chain fatty acids [11], and the results from our group showed that FFARs and SCFA transporters are highly expressed in the porcine small intestine from day 7 of life [12]. Measurement of SCFA in the cecal and abdominal blood of catheterized neonatal piglets support efficient paracellular and transcellular absorption [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Chain Fatty Acids Modulate Permeability, Motility and Gene Expression in the Porcine Fetal Jejunum Ex Vivo

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Postnatally, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are important energetic and signaling agents, being involved in host nutrition, gut imprinting and immune and barrier function. Whether SCFA exert similar effects during the late fetal phase has been insufficiently elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate whether the fetal jejunum senses SCFA and whether SCFA modify the muscle tension and epithelial permeability and related signaling in jejunal tissue from the porcine fetus in late gestation. Exposure of fetal jejunal tissue to a mix of SCFA (70 µmol/mL) in an organ bath for 20 min lowered the muscle tension. Moreover, SCFA decreased the transepithelial conductance while increasing the short-circuit current in the Ussing chamber, indicating reduced permeability and increased SCFA absorption. Gene expression in the tissues harvested from the Ussing chamber after 30 min indicated downregulation of the expression of receptors (i.e., FFAR2 and TLR2), MCT1 and tight-junction and adherens proteins, which may be a negative feedback response to the applied high SCFA concentration compared with the micromolar concentration detected in fetal gastric fluid. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the fetal jejunum senses SCFA, which trigger electrophysiological, muscle contraction and related gene transcription responses. Hence, SCFA may play a role in prenatal gut nutrition and imprinting.

show abstract

Porcine Gut Microbiota and Host Interactions During the Transition from the Suckling to Postweaning Phase

Cited by 12 publications

References 122 publications

Gluconic acid improves performance of newly weaned piglets associated with alterations in gut microbiome and fermentation

Gluconic acid improves performance of newly weaned piglets associated with alterations in gut microbiome and fermentation

Creep Feeding and Weaning Influence the Postnatal Evolution of the Plasma Metabolome in Neonatal Piglets

Short-Chain Fatty Acids Modulate Permeability, Motility and Gene Expression in the Porcine Fetal Jejunum Ex Vivo

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About