Porcine circovirus genotypes and their copathogens in pigs with respiratory disease in southern provinces of Vietnam

Dinh, Phat X.; Nguyen, Manh Tuan; Tran, Huy Hoang; Tran, Quy Dinh; Dang, Kim Hoang; Vo, Dai Tan; Le, Hien-Thanh; Nguyen, Nam Thi Thu; Nguyen, Teron; Tien, Duy

doi:10.1007/s00705-020-04878-y

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This is the first pathogenicity and virulence comparative study of PCV2a, PCV2b and PCV2d genotypes experimentally infected into pigs both independently and as a co-infection with M. hyopneumoniae . The results of this study are clinically relevant as PCV2d is the predominant genotype in Asian and North American swine populations [ 13 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. A Chinese PCV2d strain can result in more severe disease compared to PCV2a or PCV2b infections [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Pathogenicity and Virulence of Three Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Genotypes (a, b, and d) in Pigs Singularly Inoculated with PCV2 and Dually Inoculated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and PCV2

Suh

Park

et al. 2021

Pathogens

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The objective of this study was to compare the virulence of three different porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) genotypes (PCV2a, PCV2b, and PCV2d) in pigs infected with either one of these three PCV2 genotypes versus pigs dually inoculated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and PCV2. Pigs were inoculated intratracheally with M. hyopneumoniae at 4 weeks of age followed by another intranasal inoculation at 6 weeks of age with one of three PCV2 genotypes. Dual infection with two pathogens produced moderate and severe dyspnea, lethargy, and reduced weight gain in pigs regardless of the PCV2 genotype evaluated compared with pigs only inoculated with PCV2. The overall levels of PCV2d viremia and severity of lymphoid lesions, and PCV2-antigen within lymphoid lesions were significantly higher in pigs dually inoculated with M. hyopneumoniae/PCV2d when compared with all other dually inoculated groups. The level of PCV2 viremia and the production of PCV2-associated lymphoid lesions did not differ significantly among PCV2a, PCV2b, and PCV2d single-inoculated pig groups. The results of this study demonstrated that M. hyopneumoniae potentiated the replication of PCV2d more than it did with the other PCV2 genotypes as measured by lymphoid lesion severity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Pathogenicity and Virulence of Three Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Genotypes (a, b, and d) in Pigs Singularly Inoculated with PCV2 and Dually Inoculated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and PCV2

Suh

Park

et al. 2021

Pathogens

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“…PCV2 is currently further divided into eight genotypes, designated as ‘a to h’ (Franzo & Segales, 2018 ). The second global genotype shift from PCV2b to PCV2d in 2014 (Xiao et al., 2015 ) marked the worldwide spread of PCV2d, launching it as the most prevalent PCV2 genotype in Asia and North America (Dinh et al., 2021 ; Franzo et al., 2016 ; Kwon et al., 2017 ; Thangthamniyom et al., 2017 ; Tsai et al., 2021 ; Yang et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A field efficacy trial of a trivalent vaccine containing porcine circovirus type 2a and 2b, and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in three herds

Yang

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background: This field trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a new trivalent vaccine containing porcine circovirus type 2a and 2b (PCV2a/b), and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae at three independent locations. Methods: Three farms were selected based on their history of PCV2 and M. hyopneumoniae co-infection. Each farm housed a total of 60, 3-day-old pigs that were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups. Pigs were administered the trivalent vaccine intramuscularly with either a 1.0 ml dose at 3 and 24 days of age or a 2.0 ml dose at 21 days of age in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.Results: Clinically, the average daily weight gain of the one-dose and two-dose vaccinated groups within all three farms was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of unvaccinated animals during the growing (70-112 days of age), finishing (112-175 days of age) and overall (3-175 days of age) stages of production. One-dose and twodose vaccinated animals elicited neutralizing antibodies and interferon-γ-secreting cells (IFN-γ-SC), which reduced the amount of PCV2 in terms of blood load and reduced the severity of lymphoid lesions when compared with unvaccinated animals. Similarly, one-dose and two-dose vaccinated animals elicited IFN-γ-SC, which reduced the amount of M. hyopneumoniae in terms of laryngeal load and reduced the severity of lung lesions. Conclusions:The intramuscular administration of either one or two doses of trivalent vaccine was not significantly different in any of the evaluated parameters. The results of field trial demonstrated that the trivalent vaccine was efficacious in the protection of swine herds where PCV2d and M. hyopneumoniae were in active circulation.

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“…The high mutation rate of PCV2 results in the emergence of new genotypes. Currently, PCV2d is the most prevalent genotype found in all major pigs rearing Asian countries (13)(14)(15)(16). To date, a commercial bivalent vaccine containing PCV2d and M. hyopneumoniae is not yet available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is misleading to consider vaccine performance only in terms of similarity between field and vaccine PCV2 strains (11,12). In global field situations, PCV2d has become the predominant genotype in pig populations over both PCV2a and PCV2b (13)(14)(15)(16). A new genotype in the field may be more pathogenic, but it is likely to be properly controlled by the present vaccines if properly adopted and in the context of good farming practices (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Field Evaluation of the Effect of Growth Performance Between Porcine Circovirus Type 2a (PCV2a)- and PCV2b-Based Bivalent Vaccines Containing PCV2 and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

Cho

Oh²,

Suh³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The objective of this study was to compare two different bivalent vaccines containing porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. One vaccine contained PCV2a and the other contained PCV2b, and both were administered on a farm suffering from subclinical PCV2d infection and enzootic pneumonia. A total of 180 pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups (60 pigs per group; male pigs = 30 and female pigs = 30). Bivalent vaccination significantly improved growth performance in both vaccinated groups as compared to the unvaccinated (UnVac) group. Growth performance measured by body weight and average daily weight gain (ADWG) was not significantly different between the two bivalent-vaccinated groups (VacA and VacB). Both bivalent vaccines elicited high levels of neutralizing antibodies and interferon-γ secreting cells (IFN-γ-SC) against PCV2d, leading to a reduction in the levels of PCV2d blood viral load as compared to unvaccinated animals. Similarly, both bivalent vaccines elicited high levels of IFN-γ-SC against M. hyopneumoniae that reduced the level of M. hyopneumoniae laryngeal viral loads as compared to unvaccinated animals. Significant differences in severity of lung and lymphoid lesions were observed in both vaccinated groups as compared to the UnVac group. These comparative field data demonstrated that both bivalent vaccines are good candidates for controlling subclinical PCV2d infection and enzootic pneumonia in swine farms suffering from an existing infection.

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Porcine circovirus genotypes and their copathogens in pigs with respiratory disease in southern provinces of Vietnam

Cited by 20 publications

References 46 publications

A Comparison of Pathogenicity and Virulence of Three Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Genotypes (a, b, and d) in Pigs Singularly Inoculated with PCV2 and Dually Inoculated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and PCV2

A Comparison of Pathogenicity and Virulence of Three Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Genotypes (a, b, and d) in Pigs Singularly Inoculated with PCV2 and Dually Inoculated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and PCV2

A field efficacy trial of a trivalent vaccine containing porcine circovirus type 2a and 2b, and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in three herds

A Comparative Field Evaluation of the Effect of Growth Performance Between Porcine Circovirus Type 2a (PCV2a)- and PCV2b-Based Bivalent Vaccines Containing PCV2 and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

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