Porcine bone-patellar tendon-bone xenograft in a caprine model of anterior cruciate ligament repair

Abstract

The use of human tissue-derived autografts and allografts continues to be the gold standard in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair. However, autografts and allografts have their own set of associated risks. Many alternative options, including synthetic replacements, have failed to demonstrate long-term success. In this study, sterile acellular porcine bone-tendon-bone (BTB) xenografts were created using a proprietary process and tested against BTB autografts in goats for 13 and 52 weeks. At 13 weeks, all xenograft-implanted animals ( n = 9) had subjective hind leg motor function (HLMF) that was categorized as either normal (score = 0) or a slight limp (score = 1) compared with two of nine autograft-implanted animals having a moderate limp (score = 2). At 39 weeks, there was HLMF improvement with each autograft-implanted and xenograft-implanted animal having normal HLMF or only a slight limp. At 13 weeks, six of nine animals in each group achieved normal anterior drawer scores, which increased to nine of nine animals in each group by 39 weeks. Both autografts and xenografts exhibited minimal inflammation with excellent integration of the fibrous tendon portion of the graft to host bone, as evidenced histologically by Sharpey’s fiber formation. At 52 weeks, maximum mechanical load at failure for xenografts was 1092.0 ± 586.4 N compared with 1037.0 ± 422.6 N for autografts. These results demonstrate that a sterile acellular porcine BTB xenograft can perform equivalently to BTB autograft in a caprine model of ACL repair.

[Retracted] Ligament Repair Method for Sports Dancers Based on Health Monitoring

“…Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging sports, and it is also essential in the competition and training of sports dance [11].…”

“…Preparatory warm-up activities can effectively improve the excitability of the nervous center and the coordination of the limbs. It is very important to prepare for warm-up activities in any sports, and it is also essential in the competition and training of sports dance [ 11 ].…”

Comparison of mechanical properties and host tissue response to OviTex™ and Strattice™ surgical meshes

“…Less inflammation and better integration with the host tissue improves the degree of tissue regeneration, decreases postsurgical pain, and may prevent further surgical intervention [17,19]. A separate comparative study in primates, evaluating different surgical meshes [2] including Strattice and OviTex 1S-P, reported higher overall host cell infiltration with OviTex 1S-P compared with Strattice at 4 weeks post-implantation.…”

“…With the increasing number of available surgical mesh materials, comparative studies are needed to evaluate the material and mechanical properties (eg, pore shape and size, load, stiffness), as well as the interaction with surrounding host tissue (eg, inflammatory response, fibrosis, degradation, integration), which may provide an indication of clinical performance [17][18][19]. However, both clinical and preclinical comparative performance studies that evaluate the mechanical properties and host tissue responses to hybrid meshes are limited [10].…”

Decellularization‐Based Modification Strategy for Bioactive Xenografts Promoting Tendon Repair

“…Autografts and allografts are limited by supply, while xenografts offer a more diverse alternative. [ 5 ] However, immunogenicity remains a significant concern in xenografts, as it can trigger rejection, [ 6 ] leading to excessive inflammation and enzymatic activity detrimental to tendon regeneration, even resulting in transplant failure.…”