Porcine astrovirus viremia and high genetic variability in pigs on large holdings in Croatia

Brnić, Dragan; Prpić, Jelena; Keros, Tomislav; Roić, Besi; Starešina, Vilim; Jemeršić, Lorena

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2012.12.027

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…PAstV4, first sequenced in Hungarian pig feces in 2011 [32], are a diverse group of related viruses that can be detected in the feces of 70 % of European pigs tested with higher viral loads in some age groups of diarrheic pigs [33] and may be associated with diarrhea in pigs from Minnesota [34]. PAstV4 was also detected in the blood of healthy pigs from Croatia [35]. A related astrovirus (75 % nucleotide identity) was recently found in nasal swabs of pigs with an acute respiratory disease in the US [36].…”

Section: The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of a novel circovirus PCV3 in pigs with cardiac and multi-systemic inflammation

Phan

Giannitti

Rossow

et al. 2016

Virol J

346

426

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BackgroundPorcine circovirus 2 causes different clinical syndromes resulting in a significant economic loss in the pork industry. Three pigs with unexplained cardiac and multi-organ inflammation that tested negative for PCV2 and other known porcine pathogens were further analyzed.MethodsHistology was used to identify microscopic lesions in multiple tissues. Metagenomics was used to detect viral sequences in tissue homogenates. In situ hybridization was used to detect viral RNA expression in cardiac tissue.ResultsIn all three cases we characterized the genome of a new circovirus we called PCV3 with a replicase and capsid proteins showing 55 and 35 % identities to the genetically-closest proteins from a bat-feces associated circovirus and were even more distant to those of porcine circovirus 1 and 2. Common microscopic lesions included non-suppurative myocarditis and/or cardiac arteriolitis. Viral mRNA was detected intralesionally in cardiac cells. Deep sequencing in tissues also revealed the presence of porcine astrovirus 4 in all three animals as well as rotavirus A, porcine cytomegalovirus and porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus in individual cases.ConclusionThe pathogenicity and molecular epidemiology of this new circovirus, alone or in the context of co-infections, warrants further investigations.

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Section: The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of a novel circovirus PCV3 in pigs with cardiac and multi-systemic inflammation

Phan

Giannitti

Rossow

et al. 2016

Virol J

346

426

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“…PoAstVs are genetically classified into five types [17]. PoAstV type 5 strains have been reported from Canada [17], the USA [23,24], and Croatia [25]. The OAstV-2 strain was identified in a fecal specimen from a healthy domestic sheep in Hungary [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full genome analysis of bovine astrovirus from fecal samples of cattle in Japan: identification of possible interspecies transmission of bovine astrovirus

et al. 2015

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A viral metagenomics approach was used to investigate fecal samples of Japanese calves with and without diarrhea. Of the different viral pathogens detected, read counts gave nearly complete astrovirus-related RNA sequences in 15 of the 146 fecal samples collected in three distinct areas (Hokkaido, Ishikawa, and Kagoshima Prefectures) between 2009 and 2015. Due to the lack of genetic information about bovine astroviruses (BoAstVs) in Japan, these sequences were analyzed in this study. Nine of the 15 Japanese BoAstVs were closely related to Chinese BoAstVs and clustered into a lineage (tentatively named lineage 1) in all phylogenetic trees. Three of 15 strains were phylogenetically separate from lineage 1, showing low sequence identities, and clustered instead with an American strain isolated from cattle with respiratory disease (tentatively named lineage 2). Interestingly, two of 15 strains clustered with lineage 1 in the open reading frame (ORF)1a and ORF1b regions, while they clustered with lineage 2 in the ORF2 region. Remarkably, one of 15 strains exhibited low amino acid sequence similarity to other BoAstVs and was clustered separately with porcine astrovirus type 5 in all trees, and ovine astrovirus in the ORF2 region, suggesting past interspecies transmission.

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“…These include mink AstVs (154) and bovine AstVs (BoAstVs) (150)(151)(152), which have been isolated in neurologic tissues in association with neurologic diseases, porcine AstVs (PAstVs) (184,185), which have been isolated in blood, and murine AstVs (MuAstVs), which have been isolated in mesenteric lymph nodes, spleens, livers, and kidneys of wild-type or immunodeficient mice (100).…”

Section: Nonhuman Astrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PAstVs are widely distributed, and they have been isolated from feces of both diarrheic and healthy pigs in many different parts of the world (187,(189)(190)(191). Recently, viremia in healthy pigs infected with lineages 2 and 4 has also been documented, with a viral RNA prevalence in serum of 3.89% (184).…”

Section: Nonhuman Astrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Astroviruses

2014

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SUMMARY Human astroviruses (HAtVs) are positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses that were discovered in 1975. Astroviruses infecting other species, particularly mammalian and avian, were identified and classified into the genera Mamastrovirus and Avastrovirus . Through next-generation sequencing, many new astroviruses infecting different species, including humans, have been described, and the Astroviridae family shows a high diversity and zoonotic potential. Three divergent groups of HAstVs are recognized: the classic ( MAstV 1 ), HAstV-MLB ( MAstV 6 ), and HAstV-VA/HMO ( MAstV 8 and MAstV 9 ) groups. Classic HAstVs contain 8 serotypes and account for 2 to 9% of all acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis in children worldwide. Infections are usually self-limiting but can also spread systemically and cause severe infections in immunocompromised patients. The other groups have also been identified in children with gastroenteritis, but extraintestinal pathologies have been suggested for them as well. Classic HAstVs may be grown in cells, allowing the study of their cell cycle, which is similar to that of caliciviruses. The continuous emergence of new astroviruses with a potential zoonotic transmission highlights the need to gain insights on their biology in order to prevent future health threats. This review focuses on the basic virology, pathogenesis, host response, epidemiology, diagnostic assays, and prevention strategies for HAstVs.

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Porcine astrovirus viremia and high genetic variability in pigs on large holdings in Croatia

Cited by 37 publications

References 37 publications

Detection of a novel circovirus PCV3 in pigs with cardiac and multi-systemic inflammation

Detection of a novel circovirus PCV3 in pigs with cardiac and multi-systemic inflammation

Full genome analysis of bovine astrovirus from fecal samples of cattle in Japan: identification of possible interspecies transmission of bovine astrovirus

Human Astroviruses

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