Porcine and bovine Clostridium difficile ribotype 078 isolates demonstrate similar growth and toxigenic properties

Grześkowiak, Łukasz; Riedmüller, Jonathan; Thomasson, Héloïse de; Bordessoule, Solenne; Seyboldt, Christian; Zentek, Jürgen; Vahjen, Wilfried

doi:10.1007/s10123-018-0018-x

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…13 This could partially explain why TcdB is produced to a lesser extent than TcdA by C. difficile porcine isolates belonging to hypervirulent ribotype 078. 7 Overall, our findings support analysis for TcdB over TcdA, given significant differences in detectability during storage and in situations in which only a concentration of 1 of the 2 toxins can be assessed (e.g., financial or technical capacity of a laboratory). Moreover, data on toxin detectability in feces from one animal cannot be extrapolated to other species, because feces differ in their biologic and physicochemical properties, depending on the animal.…”

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confidence: 73%

“…Moreover, data on toxin detectability in feces from one animal cannot be extrapolated to other species, because feces differ in their biologic and physicochemical properties, depending on the animal. 7,8 Figure 1. Impact of different storage conditions and time on the percentage recovery (mean ± SE) of Clostridium difficile toxins A (A) and B (B) in swine feces.…”

Section: Research-article2019mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 13 This could partially explain why TcdB is produced to a lesser extent than TcdA by C. difficile porcine isolates belonging to hypervirulent ribotype 078. 7 …”

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confidence: 99%

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Storage procedures and time influence the detectability of Clostridium difficile toxin A but not toxin B in porcine fecal specimens

et al. 2019

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Storage procedures are known to affect the detectability of Clostridium difficile toxins in equine and human feces. We assessed the impact of different storage conditions on the detectability of C. difficile toxins in swine feces. Specimens were inoculated with toxins, 112 ng/g of toxin A (TcdA) and 16 ng/g of toxin B (TcdB) and subjected to the following 3 storage treatments: 4°C, −30°C, repetitive freezing at −30°C and thawing. Toxin determination was assessed at 1, 2, 7, 14, and 21 d with ELISA. A decrease in concentrations of TcdA with time was observed for samples stored at 4°C and repetitive freezing–thawing ( p ≤0.05). On day 14, storage at 4°C resulted in decreased TcdA concentration as opposed to storage at −30°C and repetitive freezing–thawing ( p ≤0.05). On day 21, storage at 4°C resulted in decreased TcdA detectability compared with storage at −30°C ( p ≤0.05). The TcdB concentration was unaffected. These results on toxin detectability in swine feces should be carefully considered in in vitro studies on toxigenic C. difficile. Our results also offer valuable information for microbiologists and veterinarians monitoring the presence of virulent C. difficile in pigs.

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confidence: 73%

Section: Research-article2019mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 13 This could partially explain why TcdB is produced to a lesser extent than TcdA by C. difficile porcine isolates belonging to hypervirulent ribotype 078. 7 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Storage procedures and time influence the detectability of Clostridium difficile toxin A but not toxin B in porcine fecal specimens

et al. 2019

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“…To obtain the spent culture supernatant with toxins, spores of infectious C. difficile ribotype 078, known to produce toxins A and B and carrying genes encoding a binary toxin, were inoculated into BHI media supplemented with yeast extract and taurocholate and without L-cysteine [8,[15][16][17]. They were then incubated at 37 • C for 1-2 weeks to produce a sufficient concentration of toxins.…”

Section: Difficile Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Colostrum Protects the IPEC-J2 Cells and Piglet Colon Epithelium against Clostridioides (syn. Clostridium) difficile Toxin-Induced Effects

et al. 2020

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Clostridioides difficile toxins are one of the main causative agents for the clinical symptoms observed during C. difficile infection in piglets. Porcine milk has been shown to strengthen the epithelial barrier function in the piglet’s intestine and may have the potential to neutralise clostridial toxins. We hypothesised that porcine colostrum exerts protective effects against those toxins in the IPEC-J2 cells and in the colon epithelium of healthy piglets. The IPEC-J2 cells were treated with either the toxins or porcine colostrum or their combination. Analyses included measurement of trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER), cell viability using propidium iodide by flow cytometry, gene expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins and immune markers, immunofluorescence (IF) histology of the cytoskeleton and a TJ protein assessment. Colon tissue explants from one- and two-week-old suckling piglets and from five-week-old weaned piglets were treated with C. difficile toxins in Ussing chamber assays to assess the permeability to macromolecules (FITC-dextran, HRP), followed by analysis of gene expression of TJ proteins and immune markers. Toxins decreased viability and integrity of IPEC-J2 cells in a time-dependent manner. Porcine colostrum exerted a protective effect against toxins as indicated by TEER and IF in IPEC-J2 cells. Toxins tended to increase paracellular permeability to macromolecules in colon tissues of two-week-old piglets and downregulated gene expression of occludin in colon tissues of five-week-old piglets (p = 0.05). Porcine milk including colostrum, besides other maternal factors, may be one of the important determinants of early immune programming towards protection from C. difficile infections in the offspring.

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Distinct patterns of microbial metabolic fingerprints in sows and their offspring: a pilot study

et al. 2019

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Porcine and bovine Clostridium difficile ribotype 078 isolates demonstrate similar growth and toxigenic properties

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Storage procedures and time influence the detectability of Clostridium difficile toxin A but not toxin B in porcine fecal specimens

Storage procedures and time influence the detectability of Clostridium difficile toxin A but not toxin B in porcine fecal specimens

Porcine Colostrum Protects the IPEC-J2 Cells and Piglet Colon Epithelium against Clostridioides (syn. Clostridium) difficile Toxin-Induced Effects

Distinct patterns of microbial metabolic fingerprints in sows and their offspring: a pilot study

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