Populations of Planets in Multiple Star Systems

Martin, David V.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30648-3_156-1

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…This scenario seems to be backed up by the proportion of transition disks in our catalog that are close to the occurrence of giant planets (Fulton et al 2021), assuming that the population of planets around binary systems is similar to the one around single stars. Indeed, it seems that circumbinary planet are as frequent as planets around single stars, despite the relatively low number of detections (Winn & Fabrycky 2015;Martin 2018). If such a planet is present from the start in the disk, it will efficiently deplete the inner disk from refractory material and produce the depletion pattern observed on the surface of the star (Booth & Owen 2020).…”

Section: Giant Planets: Most Likely Explanation For Depletion and Tra...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A population of transition disks around evolved stars: Fingerprints of planets

Kluska

Winckel

Coppée

et al. 2022

A&A

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Context. Post-asymptotic giant branch (post-AGB) binaries are surrounded by massive disks of gas and dust that are similar to the protoplanetary disks that are known to surround young stars. Aims. We assembled a catalog of all known Galactic post-AGB binaries featuring disks. We explore the correlations between the different observables with the aim of learning more about potential disk-binary interactions. Methods. We compiled spectral energy distributions of 85 Galactic post-AGB binary systems. We built a color-color diagram to differentiate between the different disk morphologies traced by the characteristics of the infrared excess. We categorized the different disk types and searched for correlations with other observational characteristics of these systems. Results. Between 8 and 12% of our targets are surrounded by transition disks, that is, disks having no or low near-infrared excess. We find a strong link between these transition disks and the depletion of refractory elements seen on the surface of the post-AGB star. We interpret this correlation as evidence of the presence of a mechanism that stimulates the dust and gas separation within the disk and that also produces the transition disk structure. We propose that such a mechanism is likely to be due to a giant planet carving a hole in the disk, effectively trapping the dust in the outer disk parts. We propose two disk evolutionary scenarios, depending on the actual presence of such a giant planet in the disk. Conclusions. We advocate that giant planets can successfully explain the correlation between the transition disks and the depletion of refractory materials observed in post-AGB binaries. If the planetary scenario is confirmed, disks around post-AGB binaries could be a unique laboratory for testing planet-disk interactions and their influence on the late evolution of binary stars. The question of whether such planets are first- or second-generation bodies also remains to be considered. We argue that these disks are ideal for studying planet formation scenarios in an unprecedented parameter space.

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Section: Giant Planets: Most Likely Explanation For Depletion and Tra...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A population of transition disks around evolved stars: Fingerprints of planets

Kluska

Winckel

Coppée

et al. 2022

A&A

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“…Despite the potential complications for planet formation induced by the gravitational perturbations from the binary, more than 100 planets in binary systems have already been discovered (e.g., Martin 2018;Bonavita & Desidera 2020) 1 . Most of these planets are found to orbit only one of the binary stars (i.e., 'S-type ', i.e., circumstellar planets).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gap, shadows, spirals, and streamers: SPHERE observations of binary-disk interactions in GG Tauri A

Keppler

Penzlin

Benisty

et al. 2020

A&A

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Context. A large portion of stars is found to be part of binary or higher-order multiple systems. The ubiquity of planets found around single stars raises the question of whether and how planets in binary systems form. Protoplanetary disks are the birthplaces of planets, and characterizing them is crucial in order to understand the planet formation process. Aims. Our goal is to characterize the morphology of the GG Tau A disk, one of the largest and most massive circumbinary disks. We also aim to trace evidence for binary-disk interactions. Methods. We obtained observations in polarized scattered light of GG Tau A using the SPHERE/IRDIS instrument in the H-band filter. We analyzed the observed disk morphology and substructures. We ran 2D hydrodynamical models to simulate the evolution of the circumbinary ring over the lifetime of the disk. Results. The disk and also the cavity and the inner region are highly structured, with several shadowed regions, spiral structures, and streamer-like filaments. Some of these are detected here for the first time. The streamer-like filaments appear to connect the outer ring with the northern arc. Their azimuthal spacing suggests that they may be generated through periodic perturbations by the binary, which tear off material from the inner edge of the outer disk once during each orbit. By comparing observations to hydrodynamical simulations, we find that the main features, in particular, the gap size, but also the spiral and streamer filaments, can be qualitatively explained by the gravitational interactions of a binary with a semimajor axis of ~35 au on an orbit coplanar with the circumbinary ring.

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“…This scenario seems to be backed up by the proportion of transition disks in our catalog that are close to the occurrence of giant planets (Fulton et al 2021), assuming that the population of planets around binary systems is similar to the one around single stars. Indeed, it seems that circumbinary planet are as frequent as plan-ets around single stars, despite the relatively low number of detections (Winn & Fabrycky 2015;Martin 2018). If such a planet is present from the start in the disk, it will efficiently deplete the inner disk from refractory material and produce the depletion pattern observed on the surface of the star (Booth & Owen 2020).…”

Section: Giant Planets: Most Likely Explanation For Depletion and Tra...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A population of transition disks around evolved stars: Fingerprints of planets? Catalog of disks surrounding Galactic post-AGB binaries

Kluska,

Van Winckel,

Coppée

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Context. Post-asymptotic giant branch (post-AGB) binaries are surrounded by massive disks of gas and dust that are similar to the protoplanetary disks that are known to surround young stars. Aims. We assembled a catalog of all known Galactic post-AGB binaries featuring disks. We explore the correlations between the different observables with the aim of learning more about potential disk-binary interactions. Methods. We compiled spectral energy distributions of 85 Galactic post-AGB binary systems. We built a color-color diagram to differentiate between the different disk morphologies traced by the characteristics of the infrared excess. We categorized the different disk types and searched for correlations with other observational characteristics of these systems. Results. Between 8 and 12% of our targets are surrounded by transition disks, that is, disks having no or low near-infrared excess. We find a strong link between these transition disks and the depletion of refractory elements seen on the surface of the post-AGB star. We interpret this correlation as evidence of the presence of a mechanism that stimulates the dust and gas separation within the disk and that also produces the transition disk structure. We propose that such a mechanism is likely to be due to a giant planet carving a hole in the disk, effectively trapping the dust in the outer disk parts. We propose two disk evolutionary scenarios, depending on the actual presence of such a giant planet in the disk. Conclusions. We advocate that giant planets can successfully explain the correlation between the transition disks and the depletion of refractory materials observed in post-AGB binaries. If the planetary scenario is confirmed, disks around post-AGB binaries could be a unique laboratory for testing planet-disk interactions and their influence on the late evolution of binary stars. The question of whether such planets are first-or second-generation bodies also remains to be considered. We argue that these disks are ideal for studying planet formation scenarios in an unprecedented parameter space.

show abstract

Populations of Planets in Multiple Star Systems

Cited by 12 publications

References 137 publications

A population of transition disks around evolved stars: Fingerprints of planets

A population of transition disks around evolved stars: Fingerprints of planets

Gap, shadows, spirals, and streamers: SPHERE observations of binary-disk interactions in GG Tauri A

A population of transition disks around evolved stars: Fingerprints of planets? Catalog of disks surrounding Galactic post-AGB binaries

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