Population Trends Toward Increasing Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Canadian Adolescents

Sleep disturbance and cardiovascular risk in adolescents

“…We selected factors based on clinical relevance (regardless of p value) and previous association with cardiometabolic outcomes in this population. 17 We adjusted for adiposity using waist circumference percentiles, because we have previously shown that waist circumference has a greater association with cardiometabolic risk than BMI z score. 18 We did not use stepwise modelling in this study.…”

Reported electronic cigarette use among adolescents in the Niagara region of Ontario

“…The methodology of this program was described previously. 10,11 We obtained written consent from parents and written assent from students to participate in the assessment.…”

Early Identification of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adolescents and Follow-Up Intervention Strategies

“…A self-reported nutritional questionnaire asked students about consumption of fruits and vegetables, fast-food intake, amount of soda and caffeine intake and whether or not the students ate breakfast. The McCrindle et al, (2010) study used the student's electoral district as a substitute marker to determine the socioeconomic status.…”

“…It is well established that atherosclerosis begins in childhood and adolescence and that cardiovascular risk in early years can be tracked into adulthood cardiovascular disease (CVD) (Berenson et al, 2010;McCrindle et al, 2010;McCusker, et al, 2004;Yoshinga et al, 2008) .…”