Biological invasions cause species extinction, but also provide benefits. Wetlands, such as salt marshes, include little known but important ecosystems that are sometimes severely invaded by exotic plants. Salt marshes in eastern South America are increasingly impacted by the invasion of the African grass Urochloa arrecta. This study investigated the appearance of a population of the mangrove rail Rallus longirostris in areas dominated by U. arrecta and its disappearance with the eradication of this plant. We monitored four areas (38.63 ha) in Guaratuba Bay estuary in southern Brazil, from 2006–2022, two of which contained four patches of U. arrecta as the dominant species. In 2012, we started to eradicate U. arrecta with mechanical management, and in 2020, it was eradicated locally. In 2007, we recorded R. longirostris for the first time in a patch of U. arrecta, and in subsequent years, we saw the bird in two other patches of the exotic plant. Rallus longirostris was no longer recorded when U. arrecta was eradicated. We hypothesized that R. longirostris used patches of U. arrecta as vacant nesting niches due to a lack of competition with Pardirallus nigricans—the most common bird in the estuary—which does not frequent patches of U. arrecta. The invasion of U. arrecta can locally increase the populations of R. longirostris. Although this bird is at risk of extinction in parts of its geographic distribution, we encourage the management of U. arrecta because of its impact on salt marshes.