Population Studies of Formica Exsectoides Forel

Cory, Ernest N.; Haviland, Elizabeth E.

doi:10.1093/aesa/31.1.50

Cited by 7 publications

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“…In areas where populations have become established, the large thatched mounds form a conspicuous feature of the landscape. McCook (1877) counted 1700 mounds in a 50 acre area near Hollidaysburg, Pa, and Andrews (1925 a, b) and Cory and Haviland (1938) described similar populations in Maryland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the abundance and wide geographic range of F exsectoides, previous field studies have treated only limited details of its life history and biology. McCook (1877), Andrews (1925aAndrews ( , 1926Andrews ( , 1927Andrews ( , 1929a and Cory and Haviland (1938) focused on aspects of mound size, growth and function. Salem and Hole (1968) described the ants' effect on the soil profile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nest structure and colony cycle of the Allegheny mound ant,Formica exsectoides Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

et al. 1992

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The nest structure and colony cycle of a population of Allegheny mound ants, Formica exsectoides, were examined in central Michigan. The dispersion pattern of mounds was random. Nest structure and presence of brood were primarily determined by excavation of twenty-three nests over three intervals from June through September. Additional excavations of five nests in 1990 and ten nests in 1991 provided further details on nest structure and colony cycle. Most galleries occurred within the mound and upper 30 cm of soil, but some activity reached depths of 100 to 270 cm. Depth of nests showed little correlation with external measurements of height and diameter. Immature stages were recovered from two strata: the upper 20 cm of nest and mound and the lowest nest depths. Alate sexual forms were found in or near the mound in July, and numerous dealate queens were collected in September from peripheral galleries near the soil surface.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nest structure and colony cycle of the Allegheny mound ant,Formica exsectoides Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

et al. 1992

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“…In the social insects we have the complexities of stages in the life cycle (Nelson and Sturtevant, 1924) and sex differentiation, and in addition must deal with a variety of adult types with striking variation in their population influence (see Nolan, 1925;Schneirla, 1938;Morland, 1930) 0 A single egg-laying queen is typical for most colonies of social Hymenoptera, but considerable variation may occur, particularly in such nests as those of Formica exsectoides which adopt impregnated females after the mating flight. Cory and Haviland ( 1938) found 1,407 queens in one nest of this species with 168.5 workers for each queen.…”

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confidence: 91%

“…Recently Cory and Haviland ( 1938) have estimatec about 12 million individuals of Formica e:rsectoides per acre in a 10-acn plot in Maryland. Recently Cory and Haviland ( 1938) have estimatec about 12 million individuals of Formica e:rsectoides per acre in a 10-acn plot in Maryland.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Information on the total population of any social insect per unit of area is very meager and generalizations and comparisons are still bound to rest on inadequate data. Recently Cory and Haviland ( 1938) have estimatec about 12 million individuals of Formica e:rsectoides per acre in a 10-acn plot in Maryland. (Also see Andrews, 1929;Carey and Diver, 1937;Dreye1 and Park, 1932;Forbes, 1938;Holmquist, 1928;Nefedov, 1930;Nelmes 1938;Pickles, 1935Pickles, , 1936Pickles, , 1937Weber, 1935.…”

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Populations of Social Insects

Emerson¹

1939

Ecological Monographs

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It is my function in this symposium briefly to outline some of the factors influencing the biology of the populations of social insects. Inasmuch as the social insects differ from other insects in their more complex integrated populations, it would seem to me that my discussion should place some emphasis upon the complexity of the population dynamics characteristic of these forms.At the same time, the factors which influence population biology of social insects may also play an important role at various other levels of population integration. We may thus be able to give hints to the investigator of simpler population systems, much as the vertebrate physiologist may suggest interactions occurring in the protozoan.To what extent the biology of populations of social insects may help in the understanding of ,human populations is as yet not clear (see Hogben, 1931). Pearl and Gould ( 1936, p. 418) state that "the tendency of human social organization to approach more and more closely that of the termites has been evident for a century at least; with its increasing rigid differentiation of occupational castes, its abrogations of individual liberty of action, its heavy and ever-growing burden of economic overhead service expense entailed in getting subsistence; all these being direct consequences of living under conditions of high population density." The least one can say is that the effect of social organization on population dynamics of all available social animals is an important problem which demands careful investigation.In spite of the obvious complexity of the interacting factors influencing the social insect population, I have attempted to make a simplified diagram which will illustrate some of the major factors and the direction of their effect (Figure 1). Surrounding the central population complex are arranged in concentric circles ( 1) the intraspecific societal factors, (2) the interspecific societal factors, and ( 3) the environmental factors, both physical and biotic. All these factors are divided radially into those which tend to increase the population, those which tend to decrease the population, and those which fluctuate in their effect upon increase or decrease of the numbers and types of individuals.The direction of the effect of each factor is indicated by the arrows. The arrows are pointed in both directions if there is a reciprocal interaction 1 I am indebted to Dr. W. C. Allee and to Dr. Thomas Park for many helpful suggestions.

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10.1007/BF00347816

2011

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Population Studies of Formica Exsectoides Forel

Cited by 7 publications

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Nest structure and colony cycle of the Allegheny mound ant,Formica exsectoides Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Nest structure and colony cycle of the Allegheny mound ant,Formica exsectoides Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Populations of Social Insects

10.1007/BF00347816

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