Population Structure of Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae in the Netherlands in the Pre-Vaccination Era Assessed by MLVA and Capsular Sequence Typing

Elberse, Karin E. M.; Pol, Ingrid van de; Witteveen, Sandra; Heide, Han G. J. van der; Schot, Corrie S.; Dijk, Anita van; Ende, Arie van der; Schouls, Leo M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0020390

Cited by 44 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In recent years, a variety of DNA-based methods that rely on the capsular polysaccharide synthesis locus for the deduction of pneumococcal serotypes have been described, including approaches based on sequencing, restriction fragment length polymorphisms, hybridization assays, microarrays, and different PCR strategies (3,11,17,18,28,35). The CDC serotyping schemes have been modified in different ways for use not only in Finland but in several other countries as well, which indicates that the oligonucleotide primers used for amplification can be combined in several ways (10,15,23,24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Quellung to Multiplex PCR, and Back When Needed, in Pneumococcal Serotyping

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

All currently available vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae are based on selections of the over 90 different serotypes, which underlines the importance of serotyping for surveillance and vaccine efficacy monitoring. In this study, we modified and validated a PCR-based scheme for deducing the serotypes of the invasive pneumococci isolated in Finland. For validation, 170 isolates were serotyped using the new protocol with six sequential multiplex PCRs for the deduction of serotypes, supplemented with Quellung testing when needed. The results were compared with those obtained by traditional serotyping methods. We found that 98.8% (168/170) of the isolates were correctly serotyped by the new protocol. Subsequently, the scheme was taken into regular use for serotyping the invasive pneumococci isolated in Finland for serotype-specific surveillance purposes and has been applied in the serotyping of more than 1,500 invasive isolates so far. The sequential multiplex PCRs (mPCRs) have given a result for over 99% of the isolates and allowed us to both handle samples in bulk and noticeably reduce the cost of reagents. While serotyping primarily by PCR is precise and effective, Quellung testing remains the most reliable way to discover possible discrepancies between the DNA deduced and the phenotypic serotype of an isolate. Since implementing the protocol for regular use, two serotype 19F PCR-positive isolates were found to be serotype 19A by the Quellung reaction. While a rare occurrence, this is an important observation, which prompted a revision of our serotyping protocol to prevent possible underreporting of serotype 19A, a potential replacement serotype following large-scale vaccination.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Quellung to Multiplex PCR, and Back When Needed, in Pneumococcal Serotyping

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These methods are appropriate for typing individual isolates (246,247) and the majority can effectively detect the dominant serotype in a clinical sample, however, most are not capable of detecting minor serotypes when multiple serotypes are present (235). A recent study evaluating serotyping methods for investigation of pneumococcal carriage in the population found that culture amplification followed by microarray out-performed other methods (235).…”

Section: Genetic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CST was carried out as previously described (247), by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing of a 506 bp region of the wzh gene (also known as cpsB), a regulatory capsular biosynthesis gene known to vary sufficiently to distinguish between many important pneumococcal serotypes, with conserved regions for primer design (247,269). While in some cases CST cannot distinguish between closely related serotypes, the main aim of this chapter was to follow intra-participant strain changes over time, rather than an epidemiological study of the most common serotypes colonising young children, which have been performed elsewhere (75,76).…”

Section: Capsular Sequence Typingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CST was carried out as previously described by Elberse et al (247) (247). Good quality forward and reverse sequences were merged and compared to the CST database available at http://www.rivm.nl/mpf/spn/cst/ using BLAST (270).…”

Section: S Pneumoniae Molecular Serotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variability in the adherence of six pneumococcal clinical isolates to airway epithelial cells following RSV infection has been reported in vitro between S. pneumoniae serotypes (137,140). However, multiple pneumococcal factors can affect S. pneumoniae adherence to host epithelial cells (236), and studies have reported that genetic diversity of pneumococcal isolates does not always correspond with serotype (247,250).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Viral/bacterial respiratory tract co-infections in children

Brealey¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most significant cause of paediatric acute respiratory infection (ARI). RSV and other respiratory viruses are commonly co-detected with potentially pathogenic bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, in the upper airways of young children.While these bacteria are known to be carried asymptomatically, they are also capable of opportunistic infections. Interactions between RSV and S. pneumoniae have been demonstrated in both clinical and molecular studies. However, the clinical significance of these interactions remains debated, and the effect of clinically relevant strain variation in both virus and bacteria on these interactions is also unknown. This work aimed to better understand the role of S. pneumoniae colonisation during RSV infections.To determine the effect of RSV and S. pneumoniae co-detection on disease severity during ARI, molecular pathogen screening of nasopharyngeal samples was conducted in a cohort of young children under the age of two years presenting with ARI at the emergency department of the Royal Brisbane Children's Hospital, Australia. S. pneumoniae was co-detected in approximately 52% of RSV infections, and co-detection was associated with increased disease severity, suggesting that S. pneumoniae plays a pathogenic role in severe paediatric RSV infections.Having established a clinical role for S. pneumoniae during RSV infection, the dynamics of pneumococcal colonisation of the nasal cavity was investigated in the four weeks prior and subsequent to an RSV infection in a longitudinal birth cohort of Brisbane-based children.Approximately 33% of infants and young children with RSV infections were colonised by S. pneumoniae prior to the RSV detection, and strain characterisation of S. pneumoniae in the weeks immediately surrounding the viral infection suggested that any observed growth of S. pneumoniae during RSV infection arose from the pre-existing strain colonising the URT. In another 14% of RSV infections, S. pneumoniae was first detected during the virus infection, suggesting simultaneous acquisition of RSV and S. pneumoniae and possible co-transmission of the two pathogens.The results from the two paediatric cohorts suggested an interaction between RSV and S.pneumoniae that was advantageous to the bacteria. It was therefore hypothesised that the molecular mechanisms governing RSV and S. pneumoniae interactions might be pneumococcal strain-specific and stronger in strains frequently co-detected with RSV. Studies have shown that RSV can increase S. pneumoniae colonisation by enhancing pneumococcal adherence to airway epithelia, and virions iii can bind directly to the bacterium to form co-pathogen complexes. These interactions are in part mediated through the binding interactions between S. pneumoniae surface receptors and the RSV G surface glycoprotein. RSV G is highly variable, both antigenically and genetically, and is the main protein used to type RSV into subtypes A and B. The genetic variation of RSV G was characterised from nasophar...

show abstract

Bacterial colonization dynamics associated with respiratory syncytial virus during early childhood

Brealey

Young

Sloots

et al. 2020

Pediatric Pulmonology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of early life acute respiratory infections. Potentially pathogenic respiratory bacteria, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Haemophilus influenzae are frequently detected during RSV infections and associated with increased illness severity. However, the temporal dynamics of bacterial colonization associated with RSV infection remain unclear. We used weekly nasal swab data from a prospective longitudinal birth cohort in Brisbane, Australia, to investigate bacterial colonization patterns within children aged less than 2 years in the 4‐week period before and after an RSV infection. During 54 RSV infection episodes recorded in 47 children, both S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis were detected frequently (in 33 [61.1%] and 26 [48.1%] RSV infections, respectively). In most cases, S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis colonization preceded the viral infection, with the nasal load of each increasing during RSV infection. Generally, the dominant serotype of S. pneumoniae remained consistent in the 1 to 2 weeks immediately before and after RSV infection. Little evidence was found to indicate that prior colonization with either bacteria predisposed participants to developing RSV infection during the annual seasonal epidemic. Possible coacquisition events, where the bacteria species was first detected with RSV and not in the preceding 4 weeks, were observed in approximately 20% of RSV/S. pneumoniae and RSV/M. catarrhalis codetections. Taken together our results indicate that RSV generally triggered an outgrowth, rather than a new acquisition, of S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis from the resident microbial community.

show abstract

Population Structure of Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae in the Netherlands in the Pre-Vaccination Era Assessed by MLVA and Capsular Sequence Typing

Cited by 44 publications

References 31 publications

From Quellung to Multiplex PCR, and Back When Needed, in Pneumococcal Serotyping

From Quellung to Multiplex PCR, and Back When Needed, in Pneumococcal Serotyping

Viral/bacterial respiratory tract co-infections in children

Bacterial colonization dynamics associated with respiratory syncytial virus during early childhood

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About