Population structure and genetic diversity of relict populations of Alyssum montanum on limestone cliffs in the Northern Swiss Jura mountains

Rusterholz, Hans‐Peter; Aydin, Denis; Baur, Bruno

doi:10.1007/s00035-012-0105-0

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…intrapopulational genetic variation, however, was substantially lower when compared to the other species studied here, most likely reflecting a past reduction in population size and diversity, as well as a more recent decline and survival in small and isolated populations that are often threatened by overgrowing forests (see Rusterholz & al., 2012). The tetraploids, in contrast, were significantly more diverse, and the AFLP patterns suggest that they originated by hybridisation of the two diploid lineages.…”

Section: Evolutionary and Phylogeographic History Of The Study Speciementioning

confidence: 67%

Taxonomy and evolutionary history of Alyssum montanum (Brassicaceae) and related taxa in southwestern Europe and Morocco: Diversification driven by polyploidy, geographic and ecological isolation

Zozomová‐Lihová¹,

Marhold²,

Španiel³

2014

TAXON

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The Alyssum montanum–A. repens polyploid complex is a group of related perennial taxa with a diversity centre in the European (Sub)Mediterranean, controversial taxonomic treatments, and a poorly known evolutionary history. In the present study, morphological, ploidy level and genetic (AFLPs and chloroplast DNA sequences) data were collected to address the taxonomy and evolution of a sublineage of this complex distributed in southwestern Europe and Morocco. As a result, a new taxonomic treatment, differing substantially from recent concepts, is presented, including an identification key, synonymy and typifications. The recognition of several previously described but recently not accepted endemics is favoured (A. flexicaule, A. orophilum, A. rhodanense), whereas the existence of southern Iberian endemics is not supported. Most of the Iberian Peninsula is occupied by a single species for which the name A. fastigiatum is applicable. Populations from the summit areas of the Pyrenees represent a separate species, which is described here as A. cacuminum. Populations from coastal sand dunes in the Basque country (Bay of Biscay) and Galicia, recently recognised as two subspecies of A. loiseleurii, are elevated to species rank according to their genetic and morphological divergence. Alyssum atlanticum is resolved as a species confined to northern Africa and not reaching southern Spain. The distribution of A. montanum in a strict sense is much more restricted than previously reported, being delimited by the Pyrenees in the south, and the Alps in the northeast. The species complex studied here is composed of several polyploid stenoendemics confined to different mountain ranges or specific lowland habitats, and a few relatively widely distributed species. We infer that hybridisation and polyploidisation events, along with ecological and geographic isolation, have stimulated speciation in this complex. Hypotheses about the origin and evolutionary history of the species are discussed.

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Section: Evolutionary and Phylogeographic History Of The Study Speciementioning

confidence: 67%

Taxonomy and evolutionary history of Alyssum montanum (Brassicaceae) and related taxa in southwestern Europe and Morocco: Diversification driven by polyploidy, geographic and ecological isolation

Zozomová‐Lihová¹,

Marhold²,

Španiel³

2014

TAXON

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“…Personal observations on plants cultivated for years in the botanical garden of the Florence University suggest that allogamy is the main breeding system. However, selfing is likely to occur also in some taxa/populations, similarly to some species of Alyssum s.s. (Hegi 1986, Rusterholz et al 2012, Cecchi et al 2013). The seven taxa native to Albania are presented below in alphabetical order.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genus Odontarrhena (Brassicaceae) in Albania: Taxonomy and Nickel accumulation in a critical group of metallophytes from a major serpentine hot-spot

Cecchi¹,

Bettarini²,

Colzi³

et al. 2018

Phytotaxa

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Metal hyperaccumulator plants represent a unique biological resource for scientific research and practical applications. Though essential, however, an adequate knowledge of the systematics of these plants is often missing. This is the case of Odontarrhena, a large but taxonomically critical group of nickel hyperaccumulators from Eurasia. We present a study on this genus in Albania, to fill a gap in our knowledge of this group from a major centre of diversity of metallicolous flora, and to contribute updated information to the Global Hyperaccumulator Database. Morphological and karyological analyses of material from field collections across all major serpentine outcrops in the country, in different years and seasons, allowed to delimit seven taxa: O. albiflora, O. chalcidica, O. moravensis, O. sibirica, O. decipiens, O. smolikana subsp. glabra and O. rigida. The three latter taxa have been long neglected and were resurrected in view of their clear distinctness, while commonly accepted taxa such as O. bertolonii subsp. scutarina and O. markgrafii were reduced to synonymy of O. chalcidica due to the lack of consistent differentiation. Polyploidy was prevalent, while diploid complements were typical of the two vicariant endemics O. rigida and O. moravensis. Types are indicated or newly designated for each entity, and nomenclatural issues are addressed based on in-depth studies of literature and herbarium material. Revised descriptions, phenology, habitat and distribution data are given for each taxon, as well as original iconographies and chromosome counts. A revised identification key is provided. Shoot nickel concentrations were determined to assess accumulation levels of taxa and populations in natural conditions and their potential for phytoextraction of this metal from the soil. With ca. 23000 and 17000 µg of Ni g-1 of shoot dry weight, respectively, the tetraploids O. chalcidica and O. decipiens were the most promising candidates, especially the latter for its robust habit.

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“…Literature information on breeding systems is lacking, but field observations suggest that the bright yellow flowers are visited by a wide variety of pollinating insects including bees, hover flies, flies, wasps and small beetles. Personal observations on plants cultivated over several years in the botanical garden of Florence University suggest that allogamy is the main breeding system, whereas selfing is assumed to occur frequently in perennial species of section Alyssum (Hegi, ; Rusterholz, Aydin & Bauer, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and biogeography of Ni-hyperaccumulators ofAlyssumsectionOdontarrhena(Brassicaceae) in the central western Mediterranean: evidence from karyology, morphology and DNA sequence data

et al. 2013

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The diversity of Alyssum section Odontarrhena in the central-western Mediterranean region was investigated to elucidate relationships and biogeography of Ni-hyperaccumulators in the group. Karyological, morphometric and molecular phylogenetic analyses were performed on accessions of Ni-hyperaccumulators from serpentine outcrops and non-hyperaccumulators from calcareous-dolomitic soils in the region. Alpine and Apennine populations of A. argenteum, Sardinian A. tavolarae and some Tuscan A. bertolonii had a tetraploid chromosome complement and larger silicles, seeds and seed wings than diploid accessions. DNA sequences from the plastid rpoC1 locus corroborated the monophyly of section Odontarrhena but species relationships were poorly resolved. Bayesian analysis of combined ITS-rpoC1 sequences retrieved three main lineages including hyperaccumulators and non-hyperaccumulators of contrasting geographical origin. One lineage was mainly continental and included alpine and northern Apennine populations of A. argenteum, the Balkan complex of A. murale and the Iberian group of A. serpyllifolium, sister to Corsican A. robertianum as suggested by their similar diploid karyotype. In this clade no divergence was found between typical A. serpyllifolium and related Ni-hyperaccumulator races from the Iberian peninsula, supporting their conspecific status. A second lineage was prevalently Mediterranean and included the sister species A. bertolonii and A. tavolarae, and other endemics from Sicily, the southern Balkans and Turkey from dolomite and serpentine habitats. The present data suggest new model systems consisting of hyperaccumulators and non-hyperaccumulators of proven phylogenetic affinity for further research on the molecular mechanisms of Ni-hyperaccumulation and serpentine tolerance at the diploid and tetraploid level.

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Population structure and genetic diversity of relict populations of Alyssum montanum on limestone cliffs in the Northern Swiss Jura mountains

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Taxonomy and evolutionary history of Alyssum montanum (Brassicaceae) and related taxa in southwestern Europe and Morocco: Diversification driven by polyploidy, geographic and ecological isolation

Taxonomy and evolutionary history of Alyssum montanum (Brassicaceae) and related taxa in southwestern Europe and Morocco: Diversification driven by polyploidy, geographic and ecological isolation

The genus Odontarrhena (Brassicaceae) in Albania: Taxonomy and Nickel accumulation in a critical group of metallophytes from a major serpentine hot-spot

Diversity and biogeography of Ni-hyperaccumulators ofAlyssumsectionOdontarrhena(Brassicaceae) in the central western Mediterranean: evidence from karyology, morphology and DNA sequence data

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