Population structure and dynamics of a neotropical palm in fire-impacted fragments of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Souza, Alexandre F.; Martins, Fernando Roberto

doi:10.1023/b:bioc.0000029326.44647.7f

Cited by 34 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The loss of genetic diversity is compatible with restricted seed dispersal and increased recruitment near parental plants (Martins et al 2016). Restricted dispersal is also expected to produce increasing levels of clumped spatial distribution (Souza & Martins 2004;Sica et al 2014) potentially enhancing distance-and densitydependent effects that decrease seedling density and survival, as demonstrated here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…High seed production may satiate seed predators enhancing the chances of per capita seed survival (Wright & Duber 2001;Andreazzi et al 2012;Meiga & Christianini 2015). Predator satiation and high adult survival (no death in five years) may allow the longterm persistence of palm populations in disturbed Atlantic forest fragments, as suggested by detailed long-term studies working with other Atlantic forest palms (Souza & Martins 2004;Portela et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, little is known about recruitment and long-term persistence of these palms in small Atlantic Forest fragments (e.g. Souza & Martins 2004;Galetti et al 2006;Portela et al 2010). Most studies investigating interactions between palms and seed predators or dispersers in fragments make inferences about the delayed consequences of these interactions for plant recruitment but do not include data on latter stages such as seedlings and juveniles (e.g., Fleury & Galetti 2006;Andreazzi et al 2012;Meiga & Christianini 2015;Mendes et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive phenology, seed removal and early regeneration in relation to distance from parental plants of a native palm in small Atlantic forest fragments

Mariano

Christianini

2016

Acta Bot. Bras.

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Th e Brazilian Atlantic Forest is a global biodiversity hotspot, but most of what remains are small fragments. Small fragments are often harsh environments for forest plant recruitment due to edge eff ects and the loss of frugivorous animals that provide seed dispersal. We recorded the one-year reproductive phenology of the keystone palm Syagrus romanzoffi ana in small (<2.5ha) Atlantic Forest fragments in southeastern Brazil. We tested the Janzen-Connell hypothesis with seed-removal experiments and followed the fi ve-year survival of recruits in relation to the distance from parental plants. Palms produced many fruits throughout the year (mean 2,600/plant). More seedlings were found away from parental plants than near them, thereby supporting the Janzen-Connell hypothesis. Almost 45% of seedlings alive in 2010 were dead fi ve years later, but recruitment of new seedlings compensated for this mortality. Distance-dependent factors infl uenced the density of early ontogenetic stages, but had limited eff ects on juveniles or on seed removal. High seed production, seed dispersal provided by disturbance-tolerant frugivores and the relatively long-term survival of adults, seedlings and juveniles seem to allow the persistence of S. romanzoffi ana in the forest fragments, but possibly at the cost of an increased clumped distribution and reduced gene fl ow at the landscape scale.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive phenology, seed removal and early regeneration in relation to distance from parental plants of a native palm in small Atlantic forest fragments

Mariano

Christianini

2016

Acta Bot. Bras.

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“…While arborescent monocots do not have bark (Tomlinson 2006) that confers protection from fire (Pausas 2015), there is no superficial meristematic cambium, which would otherwise be vulnerable to fire, pathogens, and trauma (Tomlinson 2006). In fact, because there is no damage to the apical meristem, palm species, including A. aculeata, might resist, or even benefit, from fire of low intensity, due to the compensatory effects of increased flowering and leaf production by individuals (Mandle et al 2015), or at the community resilience level (Souza & Martins 2004;Mandle et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do the structures of macaw palm fruit protect seeds in a fire-prone environment?

et al. 2016

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Fire is an abiotic disturbance that regulates vegetation structure and biodiversity. Some plant species have adapted to fi re prone environments by evolving protective structures. Acrocomia aculeata (macaw palm) is widely distributed throughout tropical America, and is found in environments continuously infl uenced by anthropogenic fi re. We aimed to determine whether the fruit characteristics of A. aculeata enable seeds to resist the eff ects of fi re and also the consequent eff ects of fi re on fruit biometric traits and embryo viability. After a fi re event in a region of pastureforest transition, we marked 30 individuals of A. aculeata. Th e trees were separated by UPGMA analysis into 5 groups according to fi re exposure, ranging from trees with no exposure to trees with fruit completely exposed to fi re. Fruit exposure to high temperatures led to lower values in fruit fresh weight, length, density, and processable mass.Fire had no signifi cant eff ect on seed biometric variables, because of the structures of the fruit, including its lignifi ed endocarp and its insulating and mucilaginous mesocarp. Th ese structures helped to maintain the embryos viability by preventing oxidative damage. In conclusion, the fruit structure of the macaw palm may facilitate seed persistence, even when subject to increasingly frequent fi re events.

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“…One current view in conservation biology is that the conservation of any particular species in nature will only be successful through the maintenance of its former populations (Primack, 1995). The extinction of a species may occur through the successive extirpations of its population, turned locally unsustainable after direct and indirect changes in habitat quality (Fahrig, 2002;Souza & Martins, 2004, Ewers & Didham, 2006.…”

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confidence: 99%

Impacto del tamaño del fragmento de bosque en la estructura de la población de tres especies de palmas del Bosque Atlántico Brasileño

Portela

Santos

2014

RBT

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Abstract:The main threats to natural populations in terrestrial ecosystems have been widly recognized to be the habitat fragmentation and the exploitation of forest products. In this study, we compared the density of the populations and the structure of three tropical palm species, Astrocaryum aculeatissimum, Euterpe edulis and Geonoma schottiana. For this, we selected five forest fragments of different sizes (3 500ha, 2 400ha, 57ha, 21ha and 19ha) where palms were censused in nine 30x30m plots. We tracked the palms survival from 2005 to 2007, and recorded all new individuals encountered. Each individual was assigned in one of the five ontogenetic stages: seedling, infant, juvenile, immature and reproductive. The demographic structure of each palm species was analyzed and compared by a generalized linear model (GLM). The analysis was performed per palm species. The forest fragment area and the year of observation were explanatory variables, and the proportion of individuals in each ontogenetic class and palm density were response variables. The total number of individuals (from seedlings to reproductives, of all species) monitored was 6 450 in 2005, 7 268 in 2006, and 8 664 in 2007. The densities of two palm species were not influenced by the size of the fragment, but the population density of A. aculeatissimum was dependent on the size of the fragment: there were more individuals in the bigger than in the smaller forest fragments. The population structure of A. aculeatissimum, E. edulis, and G. schottiana was not altered in the smaller fragments, except the infants of G. schottiana. The main point to be drawn from the results found in this study is that the responses of density and population structure seem not to be dependent on fragment size, except for one species that resulted more abundant in bigger fragments. Rev. Biol. Trop. 62 (2): 433-442. Epub 2014 June 01.

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Population structure and dynamics of a neotropical palm in fire-impacted fragments of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Cited by 34 publications

References 49 publications

Reproductive phenology, seed removal and early regeneration in relation to distance from parental plants of a native palm in small Atlantic forest fragments

Reproductive phenology, seed removal and early regeneration in relation to distance from parental plants of a native palm in small Atlantic forest fragments

Do the structures of macaw palm fruit protect seeds in a fire-prone environment?

Impacto del tamaño del fragmento de bosque en la estructura de la población de tres especies de palmas del Bosque Atlántico Brasileño

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