Population Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Antibodies in Rural Bangladesh

Labrique, Alain; Zaman, Khalequ; Hossain, Mohammad Zahid; Saha, Parimalendu; Yunus, Muhammad; Hossain, Ahmed; Ticehurst, John R.; Nelson, Kenrad E.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2009.09-0352

Cited by 58 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These observations agree with the data recorded from patients with locally acquired, acute hepatitis E in Spain [Echevarría et al, 2011], and are similar to the conclusions drawn from studies performed in the United Kingdom [Ijaz et al, 2009], the Bolivian Amazon [León et al, 1999], and Bangladesh [Labrique et al, 2009], though the conditions for HEV transmission would be expected to be very different in these three regions of the World. Results from the United Kingdom were interpreted as reflecting an increased spread of HEV under the exceptional circumstances of the Second World War, but such interpretation would not be valid for the present study, because sample collection was undertaken 17 years later.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence of specific antibody to hepatitis E virus in the general population of the community of Madrid, Spain

Fogeda

Avellón

Echevarría

2011

Journal of Medical Virology

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an infectious agent causing hepatitis among humans. Although hepatitis E has been reported from many European countries, its incidence in Europe is largely unknown, and the prevalence of the HEV infection is also unknown for most countries of the region. Antibody to HEV (anti-HEV) was tested on 2,305 serum samples from the general population of the Community of Madrid (Spain) collected in the year 2008 among people aged 2-60 years. Total anti-HEV was tested by enzyme-immunoassay (EIA), and reactive samples were retested separately for anti-HEV IgG and IgM by recombinant immunoblot test (RIBT). Fifty samples (2.17%) displayed reactivity for total anti-HEV after EIA testing, and anti-HEV IgG was confirmed by RIBT in 25 (1.08%). The frequency of RIBT-confirmed anti-HEV ranged from 0.97% among the youngest to 3.61% among the oldest, and displayed a statistically significant trend to increasing with age. The rate of RIBT confirmation was also significantly higher among the individuals aged above 20 years old than among those younger of 21 years. HEV infection would be less frequent in the Community of Madrid than in Catalonia or the United Kingdom, and contact with HEV would be very uncommon among children and adolescents of the region. Confirmation of EIA-reactive samples by RIBT reduced the final numbers of anti-HEV testing as much as 50%, and some findings of this study suggest that such testing protocol would reflect better the real prevalence of anti-HEV in settings of low endemicity than the single testing by EIA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence of specific antibody to hepatitis E virus in the general population of the community of Madrid, Spain

Fogeda

Avellón

Echevarría

2011

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…The subtyping based on complete genome sequences reveals that HEV is divided into 8 genotypes, of which 1 and 2 are mainly confined to humans and 3–8 are predominantly zoonotic in nature [4, 10, 24]. However, very limited sequence information on sequences of genotype 5–8 is available [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Genotype 1a and 1f of Hepatitis E Virus in Patients Treated at Tertiary Care Hospitals in Central India

Pathak¹,

Barde²

2017

Intervirology

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Background and Aims: An acute hepatitis, caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV), is a significant global health concern, especially in developing countries. HEV has 1 serotype and 8 genotypes, which are further divided into subtypes. Despite the availability of sporadic cases and outbreak data from India, specific information regarding HEV epidemiological data is lacking from central India. This study was conducted to understand epidemiological and molecular features of HEV in central India. Methods: In this 3-year study conducted from July 2012 to June 2015, IgM ELISA was used for the diagnosis of suspected HEV cases. For identifying the genotype, nRT PCR was conducted and the PCR products were sequenced and analysed. Clinical and demographic data were analysed using statistical tools to highlight the trends. Result: Out of 1,369 suspected cases, 341 (24.9%) were positive for HEV. The positivity was significantly higher in males (69.2%) and in the age group of > 15–45 years (72.5%). The HEV cases peaked during the summer. Subtypes 1a and 1f of genotype 1 were detected in the area during the study period. Conclusion: HEV is a major aetiological agent of viral hepatitis in central India with adults and males at higher risk of infection. Two subtypes of the virus were detected in the region. Continuous serological surveillance and molecular monitoring will help to understand the epidemiology of HEV infection, outbreak mitigation and aid in providing treatment.

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“…Epidemic and sporadic cases has been reported from these areas 4 . Bangladesh is one of the endemic countries for HEV infection 5 where sero-prevalence of HEV infection among the general population is 22.5% 6 . Viral hepatitis in pregnancy has been a subject of continuing interest and controversy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feto-Maternal Outcomes of Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Pregnancy of Bangladeshi women.

Sultana

Rozhana

Tabassum

et al. 2017

Bangladesh J Med Microbiol

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is responsible for more than half of acute viral hepatitis (AHV) with high feto-maternal complications. Bangladesh has high prevalence of HEV infection among pregnant women. This study was undertaken to observe fetal -maternal outcome of HEV infection in Bangladeshi pregnant women . For this purpose a total of 56 pregnant women with AVH were enrolled from two tertiary care hospitals of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Blood samples were collected and tested for HEV Ig-M, HBsAg and Anti HCV.Thirty one pregnant women were tested positive for HEV Ig-M, acted as case and rest 25 women had viral hepatitis other than HEV, acted as control group (non-HEV). Among the HEV infected pregnant women, 38.7% of the patients (12/31) were aged between 21-25 years with mean age of 23.7 + SD 4.5 years. Twelve (39%) AVH-E patient died due to fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), hepatic encephalopathy (HFE) and multiorgan dysfunction. Maternal mortality due to HEV was greater [ (RR), 9.6; 95% CI, 1.3 to 69.5] in HEV-infected women than in non-HEV infected women and it was higher in 2nd trimester (55.5%) then the 1st and 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Babies born to pregnant women with acute Hepatitis due to HEV (AHV-E) were more likely to have intrauterine death (RR 18.68; p = 0.03) and preterm delivery (RR 7.25; p = 0.05) than the non-HEV infected pregnant women. Only 23% (7/31) babies reached up to term maturity. In conclusion, his study reveals that comparing with non-HEV infection, pregnant women with AHV-E infection causes worse feto-maternal outcomes especially in the second trimester of pregnancy which needs special attention of healthcare providers to reduce bad obstetric outcome in HEV endemic countries.

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Population Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Antibodies in Rural Bangladesh

Cited by 58 publications

References 37 publications

Prevalence of specific antibody to hepatitis E virus in the general population of the community of Madrid, Spain

Prevalence of specific antibody to hepatitis E virus in the general population of the community of Madrid, Spain

Detection of Genotype 1a and 1f of Hepatitis E Virus in Patients Treated at Tertiary Care Hospitals in Central India

Feto-Maternal Outcomes of Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Pregnancy of Bangladeshi women.

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