Population regulation by enemies of the grass Brachypodium sylvaticum: demography in native and invaded ranges

Roy, Brad A.; Coulson, Tim; Blaser, Wilma J.; Policha, Tobias; Stewart, Julie L.; Blaisdell, G. Kai; Güsewell, Sabine

doi:10.1890/09-2006.1

Cited by 26 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…A correlate is that non-indigenous plant species that are potential hosts experience relatively fewer attacks from indigenous insect herbivores. The tendency for insects to be more directed than fungi in finding host trees may be one of the reasons for variable results from testing predictions of ERH (Agrawal and Kotanen, 2003;Parker and Hay, 2005;Lombardero et al, 2008;Carrillo-Gavilán et al, 2012;Roy et al, 2011). Another reason is that there can be differences among insect guilds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree insects and pathogens display opposite tendencies to attack native vs. non-native pines

Lombardero

Alonso-Rodriguez

Roca-Posada

2012

Forest Ecology and Management

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree insects and pathogens display opposite tendencies to attack native vs. non-native pines

Lombardero

Alonso-Rodriguez

Roca-Posada

2012

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…Enemy exclusion experiments provide the most accurate assessments of the extent to which plant enemies control the performance of exotic plants and reduce their invasiveness (Blaney & Kotanen ; DeWalt, Denslow & Ickes ; Dostál ; Roy et al . ). These experiments are, however, time‐consuming, and use of pesticides or exclosures may have confounding side effects.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Decreased enemy richness or damage may translate into increased demographic performance (DeWalt, Denslow & Ickes ; Roy et al . ) and thus promote the spread of exotic species and increase their impact on native communities (Mitchell & Power ; but see van Kleunen & Fischer ). Loss of herbivores and pathogens, however, is very often compensated for by new interactions with enemies in the colonized range (Mitchell et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enemy damage of exotic plant species is similar to that of natives and increases with productivity

et al. 2012

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Summary1. In their colonized ranges, exotic plants may be released from some of the herbivores or pathogens of their home ranges but these can be replaced by novel enemies. It is of basic and practical interest to understand which characteristics of invaded communities control accumulation of the new pests. Key questions are whether enemy load on exotic species is smaller than on native competitors as suggested by the enemy release hypothesis (ERH) and whether this difference is most pronounced in resource-rich habitats as predicted by the resource-enemy release hypothesis (R-ERH). 2. In 72 populations of 12 exotic invasive species, we scored all visible above-ground damage morphotypes caused by herbivores and fungal pathogens. In addition, we quantified levels of leaf herbivory and fruit damage. We then assessed whether variation in damage diversity and levels was explained by habitat fertility, by relatedness between exotic species and the native community or rather by native species diversity. 3. In a second part of the study, we also tested the ERH and the R-ERH by comparing damage of plants in 28 pairs of co-occurring native and exotic populations, representing nine congeneric pairs of native and exotic species. 4. In the first part of the study, diversity of damage morphotypes and damage levels of exotic populations were greater in resource-rich habitats. Co-occurrence of closely related, native species in the community significantly increased the probability of fruit damage. Herbivory on exotics was less likely in communities with high phylogenetic diversity. 5. In the second part of the study, exotic and native congeneric populations incurred similar damage diversity and levels, irrespective of whether they co-occurred in nutrient-poor or nutrient-rich habitats. 6. Synthesis. We identified habitat productivity as a major community factor affecting accumulation of enemy damage by exotic populations. Similar damage levels in exotic and native congeneric populations, even in species pairs from fertile habitats, suggest that the enemy release hypothesis or the R-ERH cannot always explain the invasiveness of introduced species.

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“…Herbivores do not always have negative effects on species performance in their native range (Prior et al 2015) and only few studies tested if the observed differences in damage between ranges have an impact in regulating plant populations (DeWalt et al 2004;Williams et al 2010;Roy et al 2011). Theoretically, exotic plants that experience high herbivore attack in their native range are more likely to escape top-down regulation and become invasive in the introduced range than plant species that experience only low levels of herbivory in their native range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can enemy release explain the invasion success of the diploid Leucanthemum vulgare in North America?

et al. 2016

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Enemy release is a commonly accepted mechanism to explain plant invasions. Both the diploid Leucanthemum vulgare and the morphologically very similar tetraploid Leucanthemum ircutianum have been introduced into North America. To verify which species is more prevalent in North America we sampled 98 Leucanthemum populations and determined their ploidy level. Although polyploidy has repeatedly been proposed to be associated with increased invasiveness in plants, only two of the populations surveyed in North America were the tetraploid L. ircutianum. We tested the enemy release hypothesis by first comparing 20 populations of L. vulgare and 27 populations of L. ircutianum in their native range in Europe, and then comparing the European L. vulgare populations with 31 L. vulgare populations sampled in North America. Characteristics of the site and associated vegetation, plant performance and invertebrate herbivory were recorded. In Europe, plant height and density of the two species were similar but L. vulgare produced more flower heads than L. ircutianum. Leucanthemum vulgare in North America was 17 % taller, produced twice as many flower heads and grew much denser compared to L. vulgare in Europe. Attack rates by root-and leaf-feeding herbivores on L. vulgare in Europe (34 and 75 %) was comparable to that on L. ircutianum (26 and 71 %) but higher than that on L. vulgare in North America (10 and 3 %). However, herbivore load and leaf damage were low in Europe. Cover and height of the co-occurring vegetation was higher in L. vulgare populations in the native than in the introduced range, suggesting that a shift in plant competition may more easily explain the invasion success of L. vulgare than escape from herbivory.

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Population regulation by enemies of the grass Brachypodium sylvaticum: demography in native and invaded ranges

Cited by 26 publications

References 32 publications

Tree insects and pathogens display opposite tendencies to attack native vs. non-native pines

Tree insects and pathogens display opposite tendencies to attack native vs. non-native pines

Enemy damage of exotic plant species is similar to that of natives and increases with productivity

Can enemy release explain the invasion success of the diploid Leucanthemum vulgare in North America?

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