Population Norms for Edge Contrast Sensitivity

Verbaken, J H; Johnston, Alan

doi:10.1097/00006324-198609000-00005

Cited by 115 publications

(83 citation statements)

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“…The PPA examines five physiological domains. As part of the battery of tests, edge contrast sensitivity is assessed using the Melbourne Edge Test (20), and reaction time is assessed using a hand-held electronic timer with a light as a stimulus. Proprioception is measured using a lower-limb matching task in which seated participants align their limbs simultaneously on a vertical acrylic sheet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenic obesity and dynapenic obesity: 5-year associations with falls risk in middle-aged and older adults

Scott

Sanders

Aitken

et al. 2014

Obesity

107

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Objectives: To determine whether obesity concurrent with sarcopenia (low muscle mass) or dynapenia (low muscle strength) is associated with increased falls risk in middle-aged and older adults. Methods: 5-year prospective cohort study including 674 community-dwelling volunteers (mean 6 SD age 61.4 6 7.0 years; 48% female). Sarcopenia and dynapenia were defined as lowest sex-specific tertiles for dual-energy X-ray (DXA)-assessed appendicular lean mass (adjusted for height and fat mass) or lowerlimb strength, respectively. Obesity was defined as the highest tertiles of DXA-assessed total or trunk fat mass. Change in falls risk was calculated using the Physiological Profile Assessment (z-scores: 0-1 5 mild increased risk; 1-2 5 moderate increased risk; >2 5 marked increased risk). Results: Multivariable linear regression analyses revealed mild but significantly increased falls risk scores for dynapenic obesity (change in mean z-score compared to non-dynapenic, non-obese group: 0.33, 95% CI 0.06-0.59 [men] and 0.46,) and dynapenia (0.25, 95% CI 0.05-0.46 [women only]). Conclusions: Dynapenic obesity, but not sarcopenic obesity, is predictive of increased falls risk score in middle-aged and older adults.s In clinical settings, muscle function assessments may be useful for predicting falls risk in obese patients.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenic obesity and dynapenic obesity: 5-year associations with falls risk in middle-aged and older adults

Scott

Sanders

Aitken

et al. 2014

Obesity

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The mean error from five trials was recorded. Edge contrast sensitivity (dB) was assessed using the Melbourne Edge Test [32]. Simple reaction time was measured using a hand-held electronic timer with a light as the stimulus and a finger press as a response; the mean of 10 trials was recorded.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception of the Postural Vertical and Falls in Older People

Menant

George²,

Fitzpatrick³

et al. 2012

Gerontology

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Background: Research on the relationship between vestibular function and falls in older people is sparse. The perception of the postural vertical (PPV) provides an indicator measure of vestibular (otolith) function in the absence of visual input and diminished somatosensory feedback. Objective: This study examined whether impaired PPV is associated with falls in this group. Methods: One hundred and ninety-five people aged 70 plus years stood blindfolded on a motorised platform that could be tilted in the roll plane and attempted to adjust it so that their bodies were aligned to the vertical. Somatosensory feedback was minimised as the base and vertical support surfaces on the tilting platform were covered in thick soft foam rubber. PPV error from true vertical and PPV variability (°) were calculated. Participants also underwent an assessment of distal tactile sensitivity and the physiological profile assessment (PPA); fallers were defined as those who had one or more falls during a prospective 12-month follow-up period. Results: Eighty-eight participants (45%) reported falling in the follow-up year. Increased PPV error and variability were correlated with increased lateral sway in a condition of absent visual input and reduced foot somatosensory feedback (eyes closed/foam; r range = 0.16–0.20, p < 0.05) and with composite PPA fall risk scores (r range = 0.22–0.26, p < 0.05). PPV variability was a significant and independent predictor of falls after adjusting for the composite PPA scores, age and gender [adjusted RR = 1.42 (1.01–1.98)]. Conclusions: Older people with increased PPV variability are at increased risk of falls. These findings indicate that assessment of PPV may augment fall risk assessments in older people.

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“…Edge contrast sensitivity is assessed using the Melbourne Edge Test [11]. The test has 20 circular patches with edges of reducing contrast of variable orientation.…”

Section: Edge Contrast Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proprioception is defined as the discrimination of the positions and movements of body parts based on information other than visual, auditory, or verbal [11]. Proprioception is assessed in the PPA using an established and validated lower-limb matching task [12].…”

Section: Proprioceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability Evaluation of the Physiological Profile Assessment to Assess Fall Risk in Older People

NR¹,

NMDB²

2014

J Gerontol Geriatr Res

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Background: The Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA) contains five tests: visual contrast sensitivity, hand reaction time, quadriceps strength, lower limb proprioception and postural sway. It has been widely used in research projects and is increasing used in clinical practice. However, reliability statistics for the composite PPA fall risk score for older people has not been previously reported.

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Population Norms for Edge Contrast Sensitivity

Cited by 115 publications

References 0 publications

Sarcopenic obesity and dynapenic obesity: 5-year associations with falls risk in middle-aged and older adults

Sarcopenic obesity and dynapenic obesity: 5-year associations with falls risk in middle-aged and older adults

Perception of the Postural Vertical and Falls in Older People

Reliability Evaluation of the Physiological Profile Assessment to Assess Fall Risk in Older People

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