Population-level impact of adverse early life conditions on adult healthy life expectancy in low- and middle-income countries

Abstract

Evidence from theories of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) suggests that experiencing adverse early life conditions subsequently leads to detrimental adult health outcomes.The bulk of empirical DOHaD literature does not consider the nature and magnitude of the impact of adverse early life conditions at the population level. In particular, it ignores the distortion of age and cohort patterns of adult health and mortality and the increased load of chronic illness and disability that ensues. In this paper, we use a microsimulation model combined with empirical estimates of incidence and prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and associated disability in lowand middle-income countries to assess the magnitude of delayed effects on adult healthy life expectancy and on compression (or expansion) of morbidity at older ages. The main goal is to determine if, in what ways, and to what extent delayed effects due to early conditions can influence cohorts' chronic illness and disability profiles.

Yoghurts in Infants’ Nutrition: Opportunities of Infectious and Non-Communicable Diseases’ Prevention

“…10, к. 1, e-mail: irinaneo@mail.ru Статья поступила: 14.05.2023, принята к печати: 11.08.2023 ВВЕДЕНИЕ Значимость стартовых этапов онтогенеза в формировании предрасположенности к различным заболеваниям как у детей, так и у взрослых уже не вызывает сомнений [1][2][3]. Вместе с тем общеизвестна саногенетическая важность продолжительного груд ного вскармливания в предупреждении не только острых инфекционных заболеваний, но и отсроченных эндокринных и сердечно-сосудистых расстройств [4,5], а также когнитивных нарушений [6].…”

Impact of access to childhood health services on healthy life expectancy of the older population

“…Life course theory is an important theoretical perspective for the study of older people's health ( 4 ). According to life course theory and the Developmental Origin Hypothesis of Health and Disease (DOHaD), childhood is an important stage in an individual's development, so that experiencing adverse living conditions or events during this period can adversely affect later health outcomes ( 5 ), while health inequalities are rooted in inequalities experienced during fetal period, childhood, and adolescence ( 6 ). According to the integrative health medicine model, medical care is one of the four major influencing factors of health throughout the life cycle.…”