Population genomic analyses reveal evidence for limited recombination in the superbug Candida auris in nature

Wang, Yue; Xu, Jianping

doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2022.06.030

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Using genetic sequencing mechanisms, Vallabhaneni et al distinguished this emerging yeast from other Candidal species such as C. haemulonii [ 48 ]. While much of the entire C. auris genome remains unknown, there have been several studies to determine phylogenetic relationships, clade categorization, and virulence factors [ 49 ] [ 50 ].…”

Section: Genomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the Pathogenesis, Virulence, and Treatment of Candida auris

Watkins

Gowen

Lionakis

et al. 2022

PAI

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Candida auris is an emerging, multi-drug resistant fungal pathogen that causes considerable morbidity and mortality. First identified in Japan in 2009, it has since been reported in more than 40 countries. C. auris can persist for long periods on different environmental surfaces as well as the skin. Clinical isolates are typically resistant to commonly prescribed antifungal drugs. Increasingly recognized as a cause of infections and outbreaks in nosocomial settings, C. auris is difficult to identify using traditional microbiological methods. One of the main reasons for the ongoing spread of C. auris is the multitude of virulence factors it possesses and uses against its human host that enables fungal persistence on the skin surface. Yet, many of the virulence mechanisms are unknown or remain incompletely understood. In this review, we summarize the evolution of virulence of C. auris, offer recommendations for combating this important human pathogen, and suggest directions for further research.

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Section: Genomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the Pathogenesis, Virulence, and Treatment of Candida auris

Watkins

Gowen

Lionakis

et al. 2022

PAI

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“…According to phylogenetic study findings reported by Nancy et al [17], four predominant clades (I, II, III, and IV) were linked to the geographic regions of Japan, India, Pakistan, South Africa, and Venezuela. Recent population genetic analyses based on wholegenome sequencing conducted by Wang and Xu [10] indicated five distinct clades, with each clade possessing limited genetic variations. The pathogenicity of C. auris is strain specific.…”

Section: A Brief History Of Candida Auris Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, it was isolated from five continents. It was first isolated from a patient's ear canal in Japan and was initially recognized in 2009 by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centre for Disease Control (CDC) as an agent of medical importance [9,10]. Moreover, considering the increasing relevance of non-albicans species infections in immunocompromised patients, C. auris may likely lead the cause.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Candida auris: an emergent virulent and multidrug-resistant yeast associated with serious health implications

Hassan

Sule

2023

Academia Biology

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Background to the study: Invasive candidiasis is a critical healthcare-related fungal infection caused by several Candida species. Candida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant, non-albicans species responsible for nosocomial infections, from skin colonization to invasive candidiasis outbreaks. It causes horizontal transmission, persistent outbreaks, and high mortality rates ranging from 30% to 78% across the affected populations.Objectives and methodological approach: This study aimed to review the data obtained on various virulence and resistance factors of C. auris strains that facilitate their survival. The available published research articles related to C. auris pathogenicity were retrieved and reviewed from four reliable databases, namely ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus.Results: Common virulent factors of C. auris include host-defense evasion, enzyme production (proteinase, hemolysin, and phospholipase), and adherence ability to host cells. Invasive candidiasis management requires the administration of an appropriate antifungal drug for successful clinical outcomes. Currently, only a few classes of antifungal drugs are available for antifungal therapeutic use. The emergence of resistance to a single class or multidrug greatly impaired effective management. About 90% of C. auris have intrinsic resistance to fluconazole.Conclusions and outcomes: Early, rapid, and sensitive diagnosis is essential for initiation of effective therapy since C. auris strains often produce virulent characteristics and are likely to resist the commonly used antifungal drugs.

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“…With increasing temperatures, potentially more thermotolerant strains will likely emerge and that A. fumigatus may further expand to colder regions. Indeed, global warming is the major suspected cause of the newly emerged and highly antifungal resistant pathogen Candida auris that has already caused many outbreaks across the world ( 12 – 14 ). The emergence of C. auris occurred simultaneously across multiple continents and is hypothesized to be the first documented occurrence of a pathogen emerging due to global warming ( 15 , 16 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing thermal adaptation of a global sample of Aspergillus fumigatus: Implications for climate change effects

Korfanty

Heifetz

2023

Front. Public Health

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Aspergillus fumigatus is a common environmental mold and a major cause of opportunistic infections in humans. It's distributed among many ecological niches across the globe. A major virulence factor of A. fumigatus is its ability to grow at high temperature. However, at present, little is known about variations among strains in their growth at different temperatures and how their geographic origins may impact such variations. In this study, we analyzed 89 strains from 12 countries (Cameroon, Canada, China, Costa Rica, France, India, Iceland, Ireland, New Zealand, Peru, Saudi Arabia, and USA) representing diverse geographic locations and temperature environments. Each strain was grown at four temperatures and genotyped at nine microsatellite loci. Our analyses revealed a range of growth profiles, with significant variations among strains within individual geographic populations in their growths across the temperatures. No statistically significant association was observed between strain genotypes and their thermal growth profiles. Similarly geographic separation contributed little to differences in thermal adaptations among strains and populations. The combined analyses among genotypes and growth rates at different temperatures in the global sample suggest that most natural populations of A. fumigatus are capable of rapid adaptation to temperature changes. We discuss the implications of our results to the evolution and epidemiology of A. fumigatus under increasing climate change.

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Population genomic analyses reveal evidence for limited recombination in the superbug Candida auris in nature

Cited by 18 publications

References 81 publications

Update on the Pathogenesis, Virulence, and Treatment of Candida auris

Update on the Pathogenesis, Virulence, and Treatment of Candida auris

Candida auris: an emergent virulent and multidrug-resistant yeast associated with serious health implications

Assessing thermal adaptation of a global sample of Aspergillus fumigatus: Implications for climate change effects

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