Population genetics of social hymenoptera with worker produced males

Owen, Robin E.

doi:10.1038/hdy.1980.48

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Therefore it can be seen that the deterministic results (Owen, 1980) hold on average, and that these results parallel those of the standard sexlinked case (Avery, 1984).…”

Section: One Offspring Per Laying Workersupporting

confidence: 57%

“…The effect that worker-produced males have on the evolution of sociality and optimum sex ratios has received attention (Oster and Wilson, 1978;Aoki and Moody, 1981;Pamilo, 1984;Bourke, 1988). Similarly the effect of workerproduced males on deterministic aspects of hymenopteran population genetics has been investigated (Owen, 1980(Owen, , 1985a(Owen, , 1986.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore it is supposed that l/JM of these workers each produce exactly one male by parthenogenesis that survives to maturity and mates. The quantity ii is the proportion of males produced by the workers which can vary from zero to one (Owen, 1980 =(pr+pm).…”

Section: One Offspring Per Laying Workermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effective population size in social Hymenoptera with worker-produced males

Owen

1989

Heredity

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“…Therefore it can be seen that the deterministic results (Owen, 1980) hold on average, and that these results parallel those of the standard sexlinked case (Avery, 1984).…”

Section: One Offspring Per Laying Workersupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effective population size in social Hymenoptera with worker-produced males

Owen

1989

Heredity

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“…Approximation (A4) is reasonable, because the difference of gene frequency between queens and males in a generation asymptotically disappears, as predicted from the deterministic analysis by Owen (1980). Next, consider the variance of Dp m .…”

Section: Data Archivingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effective population size in eusocial Hymenoptera with worker-produced males

Nomura

Takahashi

2012

Heredity

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In many eusocial Hymenoptera, a proportion of males are produced by workers. To assess the effect of male production by workers on the effective population size N e , a general expression of N e in Hymenoptera with worker-produced males is derived on the basis of the genetic drift in the frequency of a neutral allele. Stochastic simulation verifies that the obtained expression gives a good prediction of N e under a wide range of conditions. Numerical computation with the expression indicates that worker reproduction generally reduces N e . The reduction can be serious in populations with a unity or female-biased breeding sex ratio. Worker reproduction may increase N e in populations with a male-biased breeding sex ratio, only if each laying worker produce a small number of males and the difference of male progeny number among workers is not large. Worker reproduction could be an important cause of the generally lower genetic variation found in Hymenoptera, through its effect on N e . Heredity (2012) 109, 261-268; doi:10.1038/hdy.2012.11; published online 5 September 2012Keywords: effective population size; Hymenoptera; worker-produced males INTRODUCTIONEffective population size N e is a crucial parameter in population, conservation and quantitative genetics, because this parameter determines both the rate of inbreeding and the amount of genetic drift in populations (Caballero, 1994;Falconer and Mackay, 1996;Frankham et al., 2002). In haplodiploid species, N e has been predicted by applying Wright's (1933) standard formula for X-linked locus,where N f and N m are the numbers of breeding females and males, respectively. This application is reasonable, as inheritance in haplodiploid species is effectively equivalent to sex-linked inheritance in diploid species (Yokoyama and Nei, 1979;Page and Marks, 1982). Colonies of eusocial Hymenoptera are characterized by a reproductive division of labour. Colonies are founded by mated females (queens), who produce diploid daughters (workers and young queens) and haploid males. Workers do not mate, but they retain ovaries in many species. If workers are sterile, only queens should be counted as the breeding females in the computation of N e . Furthermore, under monogamous mating system as in many Hymenopteran species, both the numbers of queens and males are approximated by the number of nests, giving from equation (1) an estimate of N e as the number of nests multiplied by 1.5 (Ellis et al., 2006). In some species, as honey bees and army ants, a queen mates with more than one male, leading to a biased breeding sex ratio (r ¼ N m /N f ) from unity. In such species, assuming the absence of worker reproduction, N e has been predicted from equation (1) as Page and Marks, 1982). When r is large as in honey bees, 9N f /4, that is, the number of nests multiplied by 9/4, can be a good approximation of N e (Page and Marks, 1982).It is, however, known that under certain conditions, workers lay unfertilized eggs which develop into males (Crozier and Pamilo, 1996). This production of male...

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“…Wright (1933) derived an expression for the rate of approach to linkage equilibrium using the method of path coefficients, while Bennett (1963) derived the same formula directly from the gametic recurrence equations, concluding that the rate is approximately twothirds that of a pair of corresponding autosomal loci. Owen (1980) analysed a situation application to the social Hymenoptera where a proportion of the males are produced by the workers and found that this had, at most, a marginal effect on the rate of approach to equilibrium. Clegg and Cavener (1982) experimentally examined the rate of decay of linkage disequilibrium in populations of Drosophila melanogaster with both discrete and overlapping generations, and derived a formula for the rate of approach to equilibrium with overlapping generations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection at two sex-linked loci

Owen

1988

Heredity

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Recurrence equations are derived for selection at two sex-linked or haplodiploid loci, each with two alleles. Equilibrium equations containing only the female gametic frequencies are obtained by using a transformation that absorbs the male gametic frequencies. It is shown that gametic equilibria occur at a stationary point of the geometric mean viability if, and only if, r(x1x4(vj1 + v.) -x2x3(v22 + v33)1w22 = 0, where r is the recombination fraction in females, w22 is the viability of the double heterozygote, x1, x2, x3, x4 are the frequencies of the female gametes AB, Ab, aB, ab respectively and v11, v22, v33, v are the corresponding male viabilities. Therefore, in general, linkage equilibrium is neither sufficient nor necessary for the mean viability to be at a stationary point and there will always be some linkage disequilibrium in the system, either in females or males or both. Symmetrical selection in females is analysed in some detail and it is shown that unless there is also a particular type of symmetrical selection in males then only asymmetrical equilibria can occur. The hitchhiking effect at sex-linked and autosomal loci is compared, and it is found that with no recombination in males at autosomal loci the effect can be stronger than at sex-linked loci.

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Population genetics of social hymenoptera with worker produced males

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Effective population size in social Hymenoptera with worker-produced males

Effective population size in social Hymenoptera with worker-produced males

Effective population size in eusocial Hymenoptera with worker-produced males

Selection at two sex-linked loci

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