Population genetic structure of the European lobster ( Homarus gammarus ) in the Irish Sea and implications for the effectiveness of the first British marine protected area

Watson, Hayley V.; McKeown, Niall J.; Coscia, Ilaria; Wootton, Emma C.; Ironside, Joseph E.

doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2016.06.015

Cited by 14 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Our results at a fine geographic scale resemble those obtained by Huserbråten et al (2013), who detected no substantial differentiation throughout a comparable expanse of the Skagerrak, as well as Watson et al (2016), who found no genetic structure across parts of the Irish and Celtic Seas. Our findings indicate that hatchery releases in Cornwall, southwestern UK, are unlikely to exceed the spatial extent of population connectivity by natural dispersal or compromise natural spatial structuring.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Population genetic structure in European lobsters: implications for connectivity, diversity and hatchery stocking

Ellis¹,

Hodgson²,

Daniels³

et al. 2017

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The European lobster Homarus gammarus is a marine crustacean prized for seafood, but populations across its range are threatened by fishery overexploitation. The species' larval stages are planktonic, suggesting considerable dispersal among populations. The potential threats of overexploitation and erosion of population structure due to hatchery releases or inadvertent introductions make it important to understand the genetic structuring of populations across multiple geographic scales. Here we assess lobster population structure at a fine scale in Cornwall, southwestern UK, where a hatchery-stocking operation introduces cultured individuals into the wild stock, and at a broader European level, in order to compare the spatial scale of hatchery releases with that of population connectivity. Microsatellite genotypes of 24 individuals from each of 13 locations in Cornwall showed no fine-scale population structure across distances of up tõ 230 km. Significant differentiation and isolation by distance were detected at a broader scale, using 300 additional individuals comprising a further 15 European samples. Signals of genetic heterogeneity were evident between an Atlantic cluster and samples from Sweden. Connectivity within the Atlantic and Swedish clusters was high, although evidence for isolation by distance and a transitional zone within the eastern North Sea suggested that direct gene exchange between these stocks is limited and fits a stepping-stone model. We conclude that hatchery-reared lobsters should not be released where broodstock are distantly sourced but, using Cornwall as a case study, microsatellites revealed no evidence that the normal release of hatchery stock exceeds the geographic scale of natural connectivity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Population genetic structure in European lobsters: implications for connectivity, diversity and hatchery stocking

Ellis¹,

Hodgson²,

Daniels³

et al. 2017

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…For example, Watson et al. () studied the population genetic structure of the European lobster in the Irish Sea jointly with the estimation of N e for nine sampling locations. For six locations using the LD method, N e was estimated to be negative (with confidence intervals including infinity) and thus interpreted to be infinite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past, N e was considered difficult to estimate but this situation has changed (Leberg, ; Schwartz, Tallmon, & Luikart, ). As a consequence, N e is nowadays commonly estimated for varied marine taxa: mammals (DeWoody et al., ), crustaceans (Watson, McKeown, Coscia, Wootton, & Ironside, ), corals (Holland, Jenkins, & Stevens, ) and fishes (Laconcha et al., ; Pita, Pérez, Velasco, & Presa, ; Zhivotovsky et al., ). Among commercial fish species, both target (Montes et al., ; Poulsen, Nielsen, Schierup, Loeschcke, & GrøNkjaer, ) and by‐catch species (Chevolot, Ellis, Rijnsdorp, Stam, & Olsen, ) have been studied, representing a wide range of life history strategies, habitats, population structures but also census population sizes (i.e., total number of individuals in the population including immatures, denoted N ), from hundreds to billions of individuals.…”

Section: Ne Estimation For Large Marine Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past, N e was considered difficult to estimate but this situation has changed (Leberg, 2005;Schwartz, Tallmon, & Luikart, 1998). As a consequence, N e is nowadays commonly estimated for varied marine taxa: mammals (DeWoody et al, 2017), crustaceans (Watson, McKeown, Coscia, Wootton, & Ironside, 2016), corals (Holland, Jenkins, & Stevens, 2017) and fishes (Laconcha et al, 2015;Pita, Pérez, Velasco, & Presa, 2017;Zhivotovsky et al, 2016).…”

Section: N E E S Timati On For L Arg E Marine P Opul Ationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimating effective population size of large marine populations, is it feasible?

et al. 2018

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Sustainable exploitation of marine populations is a challenging task relying on information about their current and past abundance. Fisheries‐related data can be scarce and unreliable making them unsuitable for quantitative modelling. One fishery independent method that has attracted attention in this context consists in estimating the effective population size (Ne), a concept founded in population genetics. We reviewed recent empirical studies on Ne and carried out a simulation study to evaluate the feasibility of estimating Ne in large fish populations with the currently available methods. The detailed review of 26 studies found that published empirical Ne values were very similar despite differences in species and total population sizes (N). Genetic simulations for an age‐structured fish population were carried out for a range of population and samples sizes, and Ne was estimated using the Linkage Disequilibrium method. The results showed that already for medium‐sized populations (1 million individuals) and common sample sizes (50 individuals), negative estimates were likely to occur which for real applications is commonly interpreted as indicating very large (infinite) Ne. Moreover, on average, Ne estimates were negatively biased. The simulations further indicated that around 1% of the total number of individuals might have to be sampled to ensure sufficiently precise estimates of Ne. For large marine populations, this implies rather large samples (several thousands to millions of individuals). If however such large samples were to be collected, many more population parameters than only Ne could be estimated.

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“…Over the last decade, genetic diversity and population structure has been investigated in H. gammarus using traditional molecular markers including random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPDs) (Ulrich et al 2001), allozymes (Jorstad et al 2005), mtDNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) (Triantafyllidis et al 2005) and microsatellites (Huserbraten et al 2013;Watson et al 2016;Ellis et al 2017). However, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are becoming the marker of choice in molecular ecology studies, particularly for non-model organisms without a well-annotated genome, because they are (i) abundant and generally widespread in the genome, (ii) eligible for high-throughput screening and automation, and (iii) reproducible across labs (Seeb et al 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

SNP discovery in European lobster (Homarus gammarus) using RAD sequencing

Jenkins

Ellis

Stevens

2018

Conservation Genet Resour

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The European lobster (Homarus gammarus) is a decapod crustacean with a high market value and therefore their fisheries are of major importance to the economies they support. However, over-exploitation has led to profound stock declines in some regions such as Scandinavia and the Mediterranean. To manage this resource sustainably, knowledge of population structure and connectivity is crucial to inform management about dispersal, recruitment, stock identification and food traceability. We used restriction-site associated DNA sequencing to develop novel SNP markers from 55 individuals encompassing much of the species range; SNPs were quality filtered, ranked using F-statistics and the top 96 SNPs adequate for primer design were retained. SNP markers were developed with the aim of maximising the power to detect genetic differentiation between: (i) Atlantic and Mediterranean lobsters and (ii) Atlantic lobsters. This panel of SNPs provides a useful resource for future studies of population genetic structure and assignment in H. gammarus.

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Population genetic structure of the European lobster ( Homarus gammarus ) in the Irish Sea and implications for the effectiveness of the first British marine protected area

Abstract: Population genetic structure of the European lobster (Homarus gammarus) in the Irish Sea and implications for the effectiveness of the first British marine protected area.

Cited by 14 publications

References 82 publications

Population genetic structure in European lobsters: implications for connectivity, diversity and hatchery stocking

Population genetic structure in European lobsters: implications for connectivity, diversity and hatchery stocking

Estimating effective population size of large marine populations, is it feasible?

SNP discovery in European lobster (Homarus gammarus) using RAD sequencing

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