Abstract:Summary:In this study, we used microsatellite markers to examine the genetic structures of Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792) and Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834) populations collected from artisanal fishing sites along a stretch of coastline in southeastern Brazil. Based on F-statistics, there was no significant genetic differentiation evident in any C. undecimalis samples (F ST =0.012). However, Bayesian clustering, principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis of principal components (… Show more
“…Considering that the dusky grouper is an endangered species, analyzing the catches in Copacabana relative to those in previous studies on its genetics from this area is worthwhile. The population of groupers from the sites in Copacabana and Paraty, where the original catch data used to perform genetic analyses was collected, showed a significant bottleneck, with a population of 663 individuals [23].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The stock structure of most grouper species is not well understood [26]. However, data from the Priolli et al [23] study showed a bottleneck in the population of dusky groupers from the sites in Copacabana and Rio-Paraty, in southern Rio de Janeiro. Considering our results and the comparison of yearly catch data, we can conclude that there is a sustainable fishery of dusky grouper from Copacabana, Posto 6, that has the capability of maintaining a stable population of dusky groupers.…”
21We followed landings of dusky grouper, Epinephelus marginatus, from 2013 to 2019. 22 We observed 1,896 individuals of dusky grouper, Epinephelus marginatus, in Copacabana, Rio 23 de Janeiro, from September 2013 to February 2019. The total weight of the catches was 6,065.57 24 kg, with an average of 1,442.50 kg/year and a std of 147.30 kg. 25 We integrated fishers in our study through citizen science (CS): individuals were trained 26 to monitor grouper gonads and supplied information on fishing spots and prices. After comparing 27 catch curves (based on weight) and curve prices (in the Brazilian monetary currency of reals), 28 our results showed that catches in the Copacabana fishery have been stable (the results of the 29 Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant difference for either the weight of the catches or the 30 average prices of dusky groupers in the years compared). Copacabana has been a sustainable 31 fishery when considering its catches of dusky grouper. This is a very important result for 32 conservation and management, considering the importance of small-scale fisheries in terms of 33 their low fishing efforts and their possible effects on vulnerable species, as well as their 34 ecological and economic importance in developing countries. Citizen science, alomng with local 35 ecological knowledge, helps integrate research and fisheries as well as researchers and fishers 36 and allows for larger sampling efforts and management training for fishers. 57 (e) SFFs lack infrastructure, often occur in remote areas and have low political 58 power. 59 60 Citizen science, local knowledge and the Copacabana fishery 61Disciplines occupy different niches, and ecology came to be a separate niche (as did 62 human ecology) in the postwar period, altering its identity from a soft to a hard science; 63 however, the field of ecology has never lost its links to the physical and social sciences [7]. The
64understanding of the complexities of fisheries management can help to re-establish the balance 65 between the physical and social sciences and conservation ecology by demonstrating that 66 scientific research could be aided in obtaining positive outcomes for fisheries management by 67 other forms of knowledge.
68Currently, local knowledge (LEK) is still under scrutiny with respect to its usefulness and 69 its acceptance in biological or fisheries science [8]. Here, we argue that LEK is very important 70 for data-poor countries; through knowledge from fishers (i.e., LEK) or the public (i.e., CS), we 71 can reduce the costs of time and money by increasing the efficiency of ecological data collection.
72Tropical countries, in particular, lack the infrastructure for data collection, and many have high 73 biodiversity with several species for which there is no knowledge at all. In Brazil, for example, 74 among the 65 marine species most often consumed by marine small-scale fisheries, 33% are 75 decreasing, and 54% have an unknown status [9]. In the freshwater fisheries of the Amazonian 5 76 rivers, among the 90...
“…Considering that the dusky grouper is an endangered species, analyzing the catches in Copacabana relative to those in previous studies on its genetics from this area is worthwhile. The population of groupers from the sites in Copacabana and Paraty, where the original catch data used to perform genetic analyses was collected, showed a significant bottleneck, with a population of 663 individuals [23].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The stock structure of most grouper species is not well understood [26]. However, data from the Priolli et al [23] study showed a bottleneck in the population of dusky groupers from the sites in Copacabana and Rio-Paraty, in southern Rio de Janeiro. Considering our results and the comparison of yearly catch data, we can conclude that there is a sustainable fishery of dusky grouper from Copacabana, Posto 6, that has the capability of maintaining a stable population of dusky groupers.…”
21We followed landings of dusky grouper, Epinephelus marginatus, from 2013 to 2019. 22 We observed 1,896 individuals of dusky grouper, Epinephelus marginatus, in Copacabana, Rio 23 de Janeiro, from September 2013 to February 2019. The total weight of the catches was 6,065.57 24 kg, with an average of 1,442.50 kg/year and a std of 147.30 kg. 25 We integrated fishers in our study through citizen science (CS): individuals were trained 26 to monitor grouper gonads and supplied information on fishing spots and prices. After comparing 27 catch curves (based on weight) and curve prices (in the Brazilian monetary currency of reals), 28 our results showed that catches in the Copacabana fishery have been stable (the results of the 29 Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant difference for either the weight of the catches or the 30 average prices of dusky groupers in the years compared). Copacabana has been a sustainable 31 fishery when considering its catches of dusky grouper. This is a very important result for 32 conservation and management, considering the importance of small-scale fisheries in terms of 33 their low fishing efforts and their possible effects on vulnerable species, as well as their 34 ecological and economic importance in developing countries. Citizen science, alomng with local 35 ecological knowledge, helps integrate research and fisheries as well as researchers and fishers 36 and allows for larger sampling efforts and management training for fishers. 57 (e) SFFs lack infrastructure, often occur in remote areas and have low political 58 power. 59 60 Citizen science, local knowledge and the Copacabana fishery 61Disciplines occupy different niches, and ecology came to be a separate niche (as did 62 human ecology) in the postwar period, altering its identity from a soft to a hard science; 63 however, the field of ecology has never lost its links to the physical and social sciences [7]. The
64understanding of the complexities of fisheries management can help to re-establish the balance 65 between the physical and social sciences and conservation ecology by demonstrating that 66 scientific research could be aided in obtaining positive outcomes for fisheries management by 67 other forms of knowledge.
68Currently, local knowledge (LEK) is still under scrutiny with respect to its usefulness and 69 its acceptance in biological or fisheries science [8]. Here, we argue that LEK is very important 70 for data-poor countries; through knowledge from fishers (i.e., LEK) or the public (i.e., CS), we 71 can reduce the costs of time and money by increasing the efficiency of ecological data collection.
72Tropical countries, in particular, lack the infrastructure for data collection, and many have high 73 biodiversity with several species for which there is no knowledge at all. In Brazil, for example, 74 among the 65 marine species most often consumed by marine small-scale fisheries, 33% are 75 decreasing, and 54% have an unknown status [9]. In the freshwater fisheries of the Amazonian 5 76 rivers, among the 90...
“…2014.Southern coastMercury contamination in this species was correlated both with site locations and body sizes. Mature larger-body indi- viduals (N 650 mm and N 8 years old) exhibited the highest mercury concentrations (harmful to humans).Condini et al (2016) Marine Pollution Bulletin Paraty and Copacabana, RJGrouper genetics Connected populations (Paraty and Ubatuba coasts)J Coast Zone Manag 2016, 19:2These values suggest that within the geographic distribution of E. marginatus from Paraty to Rio de Janeiro, there are no subdivisions of the population.The effective population size (N e ) was calculated for the only genetically differentiated group, K = 1, and resulted in 663 individuals between the Paraty (RJ) and Rio de Janeiro (RJ) populations.Priolli et al (2016) [35] ( Scientia Marina) Fig. 1Weight-length of dusky groupers (literature, Table 2).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although much is known about this species in the Mediterranean, information about this species in Brazil is still scarce. Some studies on this fish have focused on investigating its biology along the southern coast of Brazil [21, 34], while others have focused on investigating its genetics [35], ecology, and fishing patterns via the evaluation of local ecological knowledge (LEK) or collaborative processes with fishers near Southeast Brazil [2, 8, 19, 36, 37]. A comprehensive review of the dusky grouper was recently published by Condini et al [21], which included an evaluation of the current knowledge of the biology and ecology of this species.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Small-scale fishers in Northeast Brazil refer to red grouper when asked about the dusky grouper. We presented data on dusky grouper in previous studies [2, 8, 19, 35, 38], which focused on other aspects related to small-scale fisheries and LEK. With a focus on Brazil, we summarize selected studies on dusky grouper, present data on this species regarding production by small-scale fisheries in the southeast and present the LEK of groupers from small-scale fisheries along the northeast to the southern coast of the country.…”
BackgroundGroupers are a vulnerable but economically important group of fish, especially for small-scale fisheries. We investigated catches and local ecological knowledge (LEK) of diet, habitat, and past fishing experiences.MethodsLandings, prices, interviews, and restaurants demand for two species, Epinephelus marginatus (dusky grouper) and Epinephelus morio (red grouper), were registered.ResultsWe visited 74 markets and 79 sites on the coast of Brazil in 2017–2018, and we interviewed 71 fishers: Bahia (NE), Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo (SE), and Santa Catarina (S). The landings sampled of dusky grouper (2016–2017) in Rio de Janeiro were: n = 222, size 38–109 cm, weight 1–24 kg, average 3.84 kg; in São Paulo, São Sebastião were: n = 47, size 39–106 cm, weight 2–8 kg, average of 2.77 kg; and at Santos: n = 80, 26–120 cm, weight 0.36–15 kg, average 2.72 kg. Red grouper was observed in markets in the northeastern Brazil. We did not observe Epinephelus marginatus from Bahia northward; a maximum size of 200 cm was reported south of the Bahia, besides Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo coasts, 20 years ago (or longer) by 12 fishers. Local knowledge of fishers was important for grouper data of habitat and diet; the reproduction period was identified by fishers as September to March.ConclusionsGroupers can be considered as a cultural and ecological keystone species. We suggest protective measures: 1) fishing zoning, 2) islands (MPAs) with the surveillance of fishers, 3) late Spring and early Summer as key periods for management (grouper reproduction), 4) studies on grouper larvae, 5) mapping of fishing spots, 6) studies on local knowledge. Collaboration with small-scale fishers and local knowledge could contribute to low-conflict management measures. In that regard, integrative models of management from Latin America, by using local knowledge and citizen science, could produce successful grouper management for Brazilian data-poor fisheries, a contrasting reality to the Mediterranean areas. Finally, the distribution of E. marginatus in Brazil leave us with questions: a) Have dusky groupers disappeared from Bahia because of a decline in the population? b) Was it uncommon in Northeast Brazil? c) Did changes in water temperatures forced a movement southward?
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
