1993
DOI: 10.1007/bf01098431
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Population, employment, and land price distributions in the Tokyo metropolitan area

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Cited by 8 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…1997). Most of these studies are based on the application of, and deduction from received theories in housing economics (Gu and Colwell, 1997;Kim, 1990;Ohtake and Shintani, 1996;Pasha and Butt, 1996;Ravallion, 1988;Struyk, 1990), urban economics (Ahmad, 1993;Daniere, 1994;Fujita and Kashiwadani, 1989;Hatta and Ohkawara, 1993;Head and Ries, 1996;Lee, 1990;Lim and Lee, 1993;Rose, 1992;Suh, 1991;Suh 1993;Tabuchi, 1990;Zheng, 1991), regional economics (Gabriel et. al.…”
Section: Past and Presentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1997). Most of these studies are based on the application of, and deduction from received theories in housing economics (Gu and Colwell, 1997;Kim, 1990;Ohtake and Shintani, 1996;Pasha and Butt, 1996;Ravallion, 1988;Struyk, 1990), urban economics (Ahmad, 1993;Daniere, 1994;Fujita and Kashiwadani, 1989;Hatta and Ohkawara, 1993;Head and Ries, 1996;Lee, 1990;Lim and Lee, 1993;Rose, 1992;Suh, 1991;Suh 1993;Tabuchi, 1990;Zheng, 1991), regional economics (Gabriel et. al.…”
Section: Past and Presentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The railways are a very competitive mode of transportation for peak-period journeys to the CBDs, due to high train frequencies, congestion of roadways, and difficulty in finding parking at an affordable price. Moreover, Japanese employers reimburse their employees (up to a certain limit) for the cost of commuting through a tax-deductible benefit (Hatta and Ohkawara, 1993;Yamaga, 2002). These factors have encouraged employees to reside in suburban areas where land prices are relatively cheap, and they then commute to their workplaces in the CBDs by rail.…”
Section: An Overview Of Railway Operationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Typically, employers buy a monthly public transportation (e.g., rail) pass for their employees.' In light of this institutional fact it is 'Hatta and Ohkawara (1993) have recently argued that the Japanese employers include transportation subsidies as part of the compensation package because these subsidies may then be excluded from taxable income. They find subsidization of commuting costs results in significant increases in Tokyo's land prices.…”
Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Third-ring origins and first-ring destinations are sufficiently spatially separate that walking or bicycling would not be likely to be feasible. On the other hand, the first ring of Tokyo is very dense and automobile travel is very slow, expensive, inconvenient and little used by commuters (Hatta and Ohkawara, 1993). Therefore, the average travel time of mass transit users is likely to be a good proxy for the average travel time of all commuter^.^ Eleven of the 570 (15 x 38) routes in the sample had missing values for travel times since fewer than ten respondents to the Daitoshi Kotsu Sensasu reported taking these routes and (for reasons of confidentiality) no data about these routes were contained in the unpublished tabulations made available to US.^ We estimated travel time on these routes using travel time from the same origin to an adjacent destination plus a correction based on other data in the sample.…”
Section: Sample and Datamentioning
confidence: 99%