Population Ecology of the Bobwhite J. L. Roseberry W. D. Klimstra

Byers, Steven M.

doi:10.2307/4086861

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Nevertheless, overwinter survival has been documented as one of the primary vital rates for bobwhites, especially in northern parts of their range (Petersen et al 2000, Folk et al 2007, Sandercock et al 2008, Gates et al 2012). Extreme winter weather can also increase the risk of predation because bobwhites increase searching behavior for thermal cover or become isolated from cover (Roseberry and Klimstra 1984, Janke et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of habitat, weather, and raptors on northern bobwhite abundance at multiple spatial scales

Edwards,

Hernández,

Wester

et al. 2024

J Wildl Manag

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Rangelands in the southwestern United States represent a current stronghold for northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus); however, bobwhite populations in rangelands exhibit extreme inter‐annual variability in abundance in relation to fluctuating weather patterns. Recent declining bobwhite population trends within this region have led to the supposition that landscape‐scale processes, such as habitat loss and fragmentation and predation from increased raptor abundance, may be acting in conjunction with weather to reduce bobwhite populations. Our objective was to determine the relative effects of these factors on bobwhite populations in the rangeland environments of Texas and Oklahoma, USA. We obtained publicly available datasets for bobwhite counts (Breeding Bird Survey, state‐agency roadside counts), weather (PRISM), land cover (National Land Cover Database), and raptors (Christmas Bird Counts) for 3 5‐year periods (1990–1994, 1999–2003, 2009–2013). Data were collected at route and landscape scales based on routes within the Rio Grande Plains region of Texas and the Central Mixed Grass Prairie region of Texas and Oklahoma. We used generalized linear mixed models with a backward selection approach to determine top models for each dataset based on scale and ecoregion. Covariate relationships with bobwhite abundance followed expected patterns, with positive relationships with habitat, precipitation, and minimum temperatures and negative relationships with maximum temperatures and raptor abundance. Weather variables were the factors most consistently selected within both regions, while minimum winter temperature was overall the top variable. These relationships occurred within a landscape still containing relatively vast amounts of unfragmented bobwhite habitat (>60% rangeland; >15 million ha). Management within these regions should be focused on retaining habitat at a broad scale, while managing for suitable cover at a local scale to help mitigate weather effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of habitat, weather, and raptors on northern bobwhite abundance at multiple spatial scales

Edwards,

Hernández,

Wester

et al. 2024

J Wildl Manag

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“…The functional value of a patch to species of conservation concern may vary because of different life‐history requirements (Fahrig et al., 2011; Kramer et al., 2019). The arrangement of patches may also have differential impacts on similar species (Johnson & Temple, 1990; Roseberry & Klimstra, 1984). The scale of effect, or the spatial scale at which species respond to environmental change, also varies among species and is difficult to predict (Miguet et al., 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing conservation in species‐specific agricultural landscapes

Yeiser

Morgan

Baxley

et al. 2021

Conservation Biology

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Recovery of grassland birds in agricultural landscapes is a global imperative. Agricultural landscapes are complex, and the value of resource patches may vary substantially among species. The spatial extent at which landscape features affect populations (i.e., scale of effect) may also differ among species. There is a need for regional-scale conservation planning that considers landscape-scale and species-specific responses of grassland birds to environmental change. We developed a spatially explicit approach to optimizing grassland conservation in the context of species-specific landscapes and prioritization of species recovery and applied it to a conservation program in Kentucky (USA). We used a hierarchical distance-sampling model with an embedded scale of effect predictor to estimate the relationship between landscape structure and abundance of eastern meadowlarks (Sturnella magna), field sparrows (Spizella pusilla), and northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus). We used a novel spatially explicit optimization procedure rooted in multi-attribute utility theory to design alternative conservation strategies (e.g., prioritize only northern bobwhite recovery or assign equal weight to each species' recovery). Eastern meadowlarks and field sparrows were more likely to respond to landscape-scale resource patch adjacencies than landscape-scale patch densities. Northern bobwhite responded to both landscape-scale resource patch adjacencies and densities and responded strongly to increased grassland density. Effects of landscape features on local abundance decreased as distance increased and had negligible influence at 0.8 km for eastern meadowlarks (0.7-1.2 km 95% Bayesian credibility intervals [BCI]), 2.5 km for field sparrows (1.5-5.8 km 95% BCI), and 8.4 km for bobwhite (6.4-26 km 95% BCI). Northern bobwhites were predicted to benefit greatly from future grassland conservation regardless of conservation priorities, but eastern meadowlark and field sparrow were not. Our results suggest similar species can respond differently to broad-scale conservation practices because of species-specific, distance-dependent relationships with landscape structure. Our framework is quantitative, conceptually simple, customizable, and predictive and can be used to optimize conservation in heterogeneous ecosystems while considering landscape-scale processes and explicit prioritization of species recovery.

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“…Results clearly indicate that harvest effects vary widely and depend on the ecological and life‐history characteristics of a given population (Bergerud and Huxter 1969, Sendinger et al 2007, Turgeon and Kramer 2012, Lindberg et al 2013) and the timing and magnitude of harvest (Kokko and Lindström 1998, Boyce et al 1999, Ratikainen et al 2008, Blomberg 2015, Caudill et al 2017). Some populations compensate for harvest mortality with decreased natural mortality after the hunting season (Roseberry and Klimstra 1984, Bartmann et al 1992, Sandercock et al 2011), through increased reproductive output or recruitment (Myrberget 1984, Swenson 1985, Bro et al 2003), with increased immigration (Pulliam 1988, Smith and Willebrand 1999, Martin et al 2000), or through individual heterogeneity in vital rates (Lebreton 2005, Lindberg et al 2013, Guillemain et al 2014, Caudill et al 2017). In the absence of some compensatory mechanism, harvest mortality will reduce the harvested population.…”

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confidence: 99%

Reduced breeding densities associated with spatially concentrated harvest of willow ptarmigan in Alaska

2023

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Understanding the effects of harvest on wildlife populations is fundamental to theoretical wildlife science and applied wildlife management. Demographic compensation plays a key role in models of wildlife population dynamics and in developing harvest strategies. The degree and form of compensation in a given population depend on its particular ecological and life-history characteristics and the timing and magnitude of harvest. Consequently, substantial variation exists in compensatory potential among populations, and it cannot be assumed that a particular population is capable of compensating for harvest. This underscores the importance of population-specific assessments of responses to harvest.We examined the hypothesis that concentrated hunting pressure in road-accessible areas reduces subsequent breeding season densities of willow ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus), in Alaska, USA, 2014-2015. We estimated breeding season densities of ptarmigan territories at sites within hunted access corridors and at remote sites with little or no hunting pressure. Estimated densities were substantially higher at remote sites (5.3-5.8 territories/km 2 ) than at accessible sites (1.8-3.7 territories/km 2 ). Two habitat-proxy covariates, distance to water and elevation (modeled as smoothed effects), exhibited strong associations with the density of ptarmigan territories. These results suggest a possible additive effect of spatially concentrated harvest on local breeding densities.

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Population Ecology of the Bobwhite J. L. Roseberry W. D. Klimstra

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The effects of habitat, weather, and raptors on northern bobwhite abundance at multiple spatial scales

The effects of habitat, weather, and raptors on northern bobwhite abundance at multiple spatial scales

Optimizing conservation in species‐specific agricultural landscapes

Reduced breeding densities associated with spatially concentrated harvest of willow ptarmigan in Alaska

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