“…Bousfield and Hoover (1997) suggested that it most probably originated in the eastern North Atlantic: France, Belgium and England. It has been recorded in Argentina (Albano et al 2013;Schwindt et al 2014, Rumbold et al 2016Nuñez Velazquez et al 2017), Chile (Thiel and Hinojosa 2009), Australia (Chilton 1921;Hayes et al 2005), New Zealand (Chilton 1921), Japan (Irie 1956;Hirayama 1995), South Africa (Barnard 1916), the Pacific coasts of North America (Wasson et al 2001;Ruiz et al 2011), and Black Sea, North Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, Eastern and South China Seas (Molnar et al 2008). Other authors have suggested that it is cryptogenic (crypt-, Greek, Kryptos, secret; -genic, Latin, genic, origin), as species that is not demonstrably native or introduced (Carlton 1996) in Brazil (Neves et al 2007;Neves and Rocha 2008), Atlantic Europe (UK to Portugal) (Noël 2011), and the east and northwest coasts of the USA (Ruiz et al 2011).…”