Population dynamics of rice stem borer and rice leaf folder

Longkumer, I. Yimjenjang; Misra, Arup Kumar

doi:10.5958/0974-8172.2020.00136.4

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Güenée (Crambidae, Lepidoptera), is one of the most damaging leaf-feeding pests in rice-growing regions throughout the southeast and northeast Asia ( Khan et al, 1988 ; Savary et al, 2000 ; Park et al, 2010 ; Longkumer and Misra, 2020 ). Though it can complete a life cycle on maize seedlings and some other graminaceous plants in the laboratory ( Liao et al, 2012 ), the larvae of C. medinalis are almost only exclusively in rice ( Khan et al, 1996 ; Liu et al, 2012 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiota Composition of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Their Predicted Contribution to Larval Nutrition

Li¹,

Han²,

Sun³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Intestinal bacterial flora plays an important role in the nutrition, physiology, and behavior of herbivorous insects. The composition of gut microbiota may also be affected by the food consumed. Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is an oligophagous pest, feeds on rice leaves almost exclusively and causes serious damage to rice in Asian countries. Using antibiotic treatment and metagenome sequencing, we investigated the influence of the food sources (rice and maize seedlings) on the structure and functions of intestinal bacteria of C. medinalis. Firstly, food utilization indices, relative growth rate (RGR), relative consumption rate (RCR), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), and efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD), were all significantly adversely affected in the antibiotic treatment eliminating gut bacteria, showing that the microbiota loading in the gut were essential for the larva growth and development of C. medinalis. Further, metagenome sequencing revealed that different diets caused a variation in gut microbiota composition of C. medinalis, indicating that the gut microbiota were in part driven by the diet provided. However, the larvae of C. medinalis hosted a core microbial community in the gut, which was independent from the diets changing. The dominant bacteria in the two feeding groups were highly consistent in the gut of C. medinalis larvae, with the gut bacterial community dominated by Firmicutes at the phylum level, Enterococcus at the genus level, Enterococcus sp. FDAARGOS-375, E. casseliflavus, E. gallinarum, and E. sp. CR-Ec1 accounted for more than 96% of the gut microbiota. Functional prediction analysis demonstrated that gut bacteria encoded a series of metabolism-related enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid synthesis. Carbohydrate metabolism was the most enriched function in both groups and was more abundant in rice feeding group than in maize feeding group. The core dominant Enterococcus species possessed complete pathways of 14 carbohydrates metabolism, 11 amino acids biosynthesis, and two vitamins synthesize, implied to contribute an essential role to the nutrition intake and development of C. medinalis. Finally, the study may provide an in-depth analysis of the symbiont-host co-adaptation and new insights into the management of C. medinalis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiota Composition of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Their Predicted Contribution to Larval Nutrition

Li¹,

Han²,

Sun³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…The larvae are concentrated in the inner wall of the leaf sheath when they first hatch (the average SSB density at the onset of the disease in rice plants is generally more than three heads/plant). And after the second instar, SSB moves into the rice stalk to continue their infestation (Longkumer & Misra, 2020). During the rice tillering stage, the larvae cut off the vascular system, causing the leaves inside the tillers to wilt, thus causing heart death (Toorani et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of infestation by striped stem‐borer (Chilo suppressalis) in rice based on hyperspectral imaging

Wan

Ouyang

Liu

et al. 2022

J Food Process Engineering

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Striped stem‐borer (SSB) larvae are one of the most serious insect pests that damages rice. In this study, the combined hyperspectral imaging and chemometric method are proposed detect the early SSB larvae infestation in rice stems. Firstly, hyperspectral reflectance data (390–1040 nm) of rice stems were collected for normal, 3 days of infection, 6 days of infection, and 9 days of infection, respectively. On the spectra, the average spectra of the region of interest of the rice stalk samples were extracted, and 19 characteristic wavelengths were screened by the successive projection algorithm (SPA). Morphological processing was performed on the pseudo‐color (generally known as RGB) images of rice stalk samples on the images. Then five image texture features based on the gray‐scale co‐occurrence matrix (GLCM) and nine image color features based on color moments were obtained. The evaluation models of SSB larval infestation based on full spectra, characteristic wavelengths, GLCM, color moments, and data fusion were developed using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA), respectively. The results show that performance of the PLS‐DA model based on the fusion of characteristic wavelengths and GLCM is best. The accuracy of both the comprehensive modeling set and the prediction set is above 97%. The accuracy of the degree of infestation classification is good for all categories, and only the samples on the third day of infection are slightly less accurate. In conclusion, the hyperspectral imaging technology can be used to effectively detect the infection degree situation of early SSB larval infestation. Practical Applications Chemical control using insecticides to manage SSB infestation on rice is still the farmers' first choice. However, in the middle and late stages of rice growth, SSB larvae may moth into the inside of the rice stalk, and the rice provides a shelter for SSB so that the sprayed pesticides cannot reach SSB larvae, which produce a large number of overwintering SSB. This leads to the misuse of chemical pesticides, which causes serious pollution to the environment, pesticide residues also cause serious harm to the human body, and it also makes the pest resistance to pesticides rapidly increase. Therefore, it is necessary to find a rapid and effective detection method to detect the early infestation of SSB larvae on rice to reduce the use of pesticides and improve rice yield.

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“…The rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Güenée (Crambidae, Lepidoptera), is one of the most damaging leaffeeding pests in rice-growing regions throughout the southeast and northeast Asia (Khan et al, 1988;Savary et al, 2000;Park et al, 2010;Longkumer and Misra, 2020). Though it can complete a life cycle on maize seedlings and some other graminaceous plants in the laboratory (Liao et al, 2012), the larvae of C. medinalis are almost only exclusively in rice (Khan et al, 1996;Liu et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population dynamics of rice stem borer and rice leaf folder

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The Gut Microbiota Composition of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Their Predicted Contribution to Larval Nutrition

The Gut Microbiota Composition of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Their Predicted Contribution to Larval Nutrition

Detection of infestation by striped stem‐borer (Chilo suppressalis) in rice based on hyperspectral imaging

Data_Sheet_1.docx

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