Population dynamics of living planktic foraminifers in the hemipelagic southeastern Bay of Biscay

Retailleau, Sophie; Schiebel, Ralf; Howa, Hélène

doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2011.06.003

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…In the Indian Ocean this species was found from 30 to 200 m (Duplessy et al, 1981), confirming the here observed large range in its depth habitat. Finally, G. calida occurred mostly with an ALD between 50 and 90 m, which agrees with a maximum abundance of this species in the upper 100 m of the water column in the Bay of Biscay (Retailleau et al, 2011).…”

Section: Surface Speciessupporting

confidence: 82%

Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic

et al. 2017

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Planktonic foraminifera preserved in marine sediments archive the physical and chemical conditions under which they built their shells. To interpret the paleoceanographic information contained in fossil foraminifera, the recorded proxy signals have to be attributed to the habitat and life cycle characteristics of individual species. Much of our knowledge on habitat depth is based on indirect methods, which reconstruct the depth at which the largest portion of the shell has been calcified. However, habitat depth can be best studied by direct observations in stratified plankton nets. Here we present a synthesis of living planktonic foraminifera abundance data in vertically resolved plankton net hauls taken in the eastern North Atlantic during 12 oceanographic campaigns between 1995 and 2012. Live (cytoplasm-bearing) specimens were counted for each depth interval and the vertical habitat at each station was expressed as average living depth (ALD). This allows us to differentiate species showing an ALD consistently in the upper 100 m (e.g., Globigerinoides ruber white and pink), indicating a shallow habitat; species occurring from the surface to the subsurface (e.g., Globigerina bulloides, Globorotalia inflata, Globorotalia truncatulinoides); and species inhabiting the subsurface (e.g., Globorotalia scitula and Globorotalia hirsuta). For 17 species with variable ALD, we assessed whether their depth habitat at a given station could be predicted by mixed layer (ML) depth, temperature in the ML and chlorophyll a concentration in the ML. The influence of seasonal and lunar cycle on the depth habitat was also tested using periodic regression. In 11 out of the 17 tested species, ALD variation appears to have a predictable component. All of the tested parameters were significant in at least one case, with both seasonal and lunar cyclicity as well as the environmental parameters explaining up to > 50 % of the variance. Thus, G. truncatulinoides, G. hirsuta and G. scitula appear to descend in the water column towards the summer, whereas populations of Trilobatus sacculifer appear to descend in the water column towards the new moon. In all other species, properties of the mixed layer explained more of the observed variance than the periodic models. Chlorophyll a concentration seems least important for ALD, whilst shoaling of the habitat with deepening of the ML is observed most frequently. We observe both shoaling and deepening of species habitat with increasing temperature. Further, we observe that temperature and seawater density at the depth of the ALD were not equally variable among the studied species, and their variability showed no consistent relationship with depth habitat. According to our results, depth habitat of individual species changes in response to different environmental and ontogenetic factors and consequently planktonic foraminifera exhibit not only species-specific mean habitat depths but also species-specific changes in habitat depth

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Section: Surface Speciessupporting

confidence: 82%

Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic

et al. 2017

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“…High percentages of G. inflata (Figure c) seem to mark the limit of the upwelling front, that is, the contact with oligotrophic waters (Ib‐F2 station; Rebotim et al, ), what is in good agreement with the transitional assemblage of Bé (). Our results confirm seasonal upwelling, as the dominant hydrographic feature influencing the spatial and vertical distribution of the more abundant planktonic foraminifera species at the NW Iberian margin, conform with observations from other regions (e.g., Deuser et al, ; Kuroyanagi & Kawahata, ; Lin & Hsieh, ; Retailleau et al, , ; Schiebel & Hemleben, ). In contrast, the presence of G. ruber (white) (Figure d), a tropical to subtropical species, even though in relatively low abundances, is associated with the intensification, during the winter, of the warmer and saltier waters characteristic of the IPC at 9.5°W Longitude (Salgueiro et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Planktonic foraminifera species concentration and distribution in the upper water column are known to vary during their life in accordance with seasonal oceanographic conditions, in particular temperature, salinity, and food availability of the water masses (e.g., Bijma et al, ; Fairbanks & Wiebe, ; Field, ; Hemleben et al, ; Retailleau et al, , ; Schiebel & Hemleben, ). In the study region and period (July 2010–June 2012), two most important seasonal oceanographic features influence the planktonic foraminifera distribution: the spring‐summer coastal upwelling and the autumn‐winter intensification of the IPC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

δ¹⁸O and Mg/Ca Thermometry in Planktonic Foraminifera: A Multiproxy Approach Toward Tracing Coastal Upwelling Dynamics

Salgueiro

Voelker

Martin

et al. 2020

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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Planktonic foraminifera δ18O and Mg/Ca ratios are widely considered as a powerful proxy to reconstruct past seawater‐column temperature. Due to the complex interpretation of planktonic foraminifera δ18O data in regard to past seawater temperatures, temperature determination based on the foraminifera shell Mg/Ca ratio is believed to be more accurate. Scarce Mg/Ca calibration data exists for coastal upwelling regions, resulting in incoherent results of past seawater reconstructions. The current study along the NW Iberia coastal upwelling system intends to define the best Mg/Ca temperature equation for the most representative species of this region (Neogloboquadrina incompta, Globigerina bulloides, and Globorotalia inflata). Seawater temperature from δ18O and Mg/Ca of these three planktonic foraminifera species was compared with the surface sediments alkenone derived SST and with the in situ temperatures measured at the depths where these foraminifera species currently live and calcify. The equations that better reflect each species calcification depth were selected as our regional equations for δ18O and Mg/Ca temperature reconstructions. The δ18O‐estimated temperatures for surface sediment specimens were comparable with in situ seawater‐column temperature measurements, whereas the Mg/Ca derived temperatures seem to underestimate in situ values, in special for G. bulloides from samples affected by stronger coastal upwelling. The G. bulloides δ18O and Mg/Ca estimated temperatures from samples located offshore, further from coastal upwelling influence, are comparable to surface sediment alkenone derived temperatures. Our study shows that in upwelling areas, regional calibration of planktonic foraminifera Mg/Ca temperature equations is necessary for reliable interpretations of high‐resolution past temperature variability in these important environments.

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“…The resulting global planktic foraminifer biomass would hence add up to 0.85-3.27 Tg C at any point of time. Assuming a global deep ocean surface of 290 × 10 6 km 2 inhabited by fully developed planktic foraminifer faunas might be a rather conservative guess, though, since Retailleau et al (2009Retailleau et al ( , 2011 presented fully developed faunas in the marginal Bay of Biscay, like in all other marginal basins included in our estimate. Including marginal basins increases the ocean area inhabited by planktic foraminifers by 32×10 6 km 2 to 322×10 6 km 2 (Milliman and Droxler, 1996), resulting in a global planktic foraminifer biomass of 0.94-3.63 Tg C at any point of time.…”

Section: First-order Estimates Of the Global Planktic Foraminifer Biomentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Vincent and Berger, 1981;Schiebel et al, 1995;Peeters and Brummer, 2002;Kuroyanagi and Kawahata, 2004;Loncaric et al, 2006;Retailleau et al, 2011), i.e. above and within the seasonal pycnocline and associated deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM).…”

Section: First-order Estimates Of the Global Planktic Foraminifer Biomentioning

confidence: 99%

First-order estimate of the planktic foraminifer biomass in the modern ocean

Schiebel

Movellan

2012

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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Abstract. Planktic foraminifera are heterotrophic mesozooplankton of global marine abundance. The position of planktic foraminifers in the marine food web is different compared to other protozoans and ranges above the base of heterotrophic consumers. Being secondary producers with an omnivorous diet, which ranges from algae to small metazoans, planktic foraminifers are not limited to a single food source, and are assumed to occur at a balanced abundance displaying the overall marine biological productivity at a regional scale. With a new non-destructive protocol developed from the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method and nano-photospectrometry, we have analysed the protein-biomass, along with test size and weight, of 754 individual planktic foraminifers from 21 different species and morphotypes. From additional CHN analysis, it can be assumed that proteinbiomass equals carbon-biomass. Accordingly, the average individual planktic foraminifer protein-and carbonbiomass amounts to 0.845 µg. Samples include symbiont bearing and symbiont-barren species from the sea surface down to 2500 m water depth. Conversion factors between individual biomass and assemblage-biomass are calculated for test sizes between 72 and 845 µm (minimum test diameter). Assemblage-biomass data presented here include 1128 sites and water depth intervals. The regional coverage of data includes the North Atlantic, Arabian Sea, Red Sea, and Caribbean as well as literature data from the eastern and western North Pacific, and covers a wide range of oligotrophic to eutrophic waters over six orders of magnitude of plankticforaminifer assemblage-biomass (PFAB). A first order estimate of the average global planktic foraminifer biomass production (> 125 µm) ranges from 8.2-32.7 Tg C yr −1 (i.e. 0.008-0.033 Gt C yr −1 ), and might be more than three times as high including neanic and juvenile individuals adding up to 25-100 Tg C yr −1 . However, this is a first estimate of regional PFAB extrapolated to the global scale, and future estimates based on larger data sets might considerably deviate from the one presented here. This paper is supported by, and a contribution to the Marine Ecosystem Data project (MAREDAT).

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Population dynamics of living planktic foraminifers in the hemipelagic southeastern Bay of Biscay

Cited by 30 publications

References 63 publications

Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic

Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic

δ¹⁸O and Mg/Ca Thermometry in Planktonic Foraminifera: A Multiproxy Approach Toward Tracing Coastal Upwelling Dynamics

First-order estimate of the planktic foraminifer biomass in the modern ocean

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Population dynamics of living planktic foraminifers in the hemipelagic southeastern Bay of Biscay

Cited by 30 publications

References 63 publications

Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic

Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic

δ18O and Mg/Ca Thermometry in Planktonic Foraminifera: A Multiproxy Approach Toward Tracing Coastal Upwelling Dynamics

First-order estimate of the planktic foraminifer biomass in the modern ocean

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δ¹⁸O and Mg/Ca Thermometry in Planktonic Foraminifera: A Multiproxy Approach Toward Tracing Coastal Upwelling Dynamics