Population Differentiation of Wheat Leaf Rust Fungus &lt;i&gt;Puccinia triticina&lt;/i&gt; in South Asia

Prasad, Pramod; Bhardwaj, S. C.; Gangwar, O. P.; Kumar, Subodh; Khan, Hanif; Kumar, Shravan; Rawal, Hukam C.; Sharma, Tilak Raj

doi:10.18520/cs/v112/i10/2073-2084

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This can be done on the basis of differential response to P. triticina pathotypes and by comparing the genetic and physical position on the chromosome. The gene Lr21 is ineffective against several Indian pathotypes of P. triticina 44 whereas in our study both T. spelta 276 and TSD276-2 showed high degree of resistance against all the 17 pathotypes used in the study. The response of Lr60 to Indian pathotypes of P. triticina is not available.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Molecular mapping of a new recessive wheat leaf rust resistance gene originating from Triticum spelta

Dinkar

Jha

Mallick

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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TSD276-2, a wheat genetic stock derived from the cross Agra Local/T. spelta 276 showed broad spectrum resistance against leaf rust pathogen. Genetic analysis was undertaken using F1, F2, F2:3 and BC1F1 generations derived from the cross TSD276-2/Agra Local. The results revealed a single recessive gene for leaf rust resistance, tentatively named as LrTs276-2, in TSD276-2. Molecular mapping of leaf rust resistance gene LrTs276-2 in TSD276-2 was done using SNP-based PCR and SSR markers. For Bulked Segregant Analysis (BSA), two bulks viz. resistant bulk and susceptible bulk, and the parents TSD276-2 and Agra Local were genotyped for SNPs using AFFYMETRIX 35K Wheat Breeders' AXIOM array. T. spelta 276 was also genotyped and used as a check. BSA indicated that the gene for leaf rust resistance in TSD276-2 is located on chromosome arm 1DS. Putatively linked SNPs on chromosome arm 1DS were converted into PCR-based markers. Polymorphic SSR markers on chromosome arm 1DS were also identified. Final linkage map was constructed using one SNP-based PCR and three SSR markers. The rust reaction and chromosomal location suggest that LrTs276-2 is a new leaf rust resistance gene which may be useful in broadening the genetic base of leaf rust resistance in wheat.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Molecular mapping of a new recessive wheat leaf rust resistance gene originating from Triticum spelta

Dinkar

Jha

Mallick

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Later however, the single-pustule inoculation revealed that UG99 actually harboured another race, virulent to the gene Sr24 (Jin et al, 2008). This The existence of fungal races is the main reason for breakdown of resistant cultivars in many host-pathogen interactions (Correa-Victoria & Zeigler, 1993;Prasad et al, 2017). Our phenotypic data proved that P. kuehni also features races, which is common in many Puccinia species: P. polysora (Ryland & Storey, 1955), P. striiformis (Johnson et al, 1972) and P. recondita (Park et al, 2000), to name just a few.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…This type of error may result in selection of germplasms that were not challenged against all variants of the pathogen population. This is a pivotal aspect in the selection process since a pathogen with great diversity has higher probability of rapid adaptation to the host and/or environment (Prasad et al, 2017). In this sense, one important step of breeding programmes to avoid cryptic error is increase the number of susceptible cultivars employed as spreader of P. kuehnii during selection of breeding lines, usually only one is employed (Chapola et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of Puccinia kuehnii, the causal agent of orange rust of sugarcane, from Brazil

Urashima

Mistura

Porto

et al. 2020

Journal of Phytopathology

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The use of resistant genotypes is the preferred method to control orange rust of sugarcane (Saccharum spp) caused by Puccinia kuehnii. This approach has been adopted in Brazil but outbreaks of the disease on previously resistant varieties showed that the efficacy of this method is limited and requires a better understanding of pathogen diversity. Nevertheless, adequate molecular markers for examining pathogen diversity at population level are not available, which limits the success of orange rust control by genetic resistance. Therefore, two independent investigations were conducted to examine genetic diversity of P. kuehnii from São Paulo state, the most important sugarcane growing state of Brazil. First, simple‐sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed in the present work and genotypic diversity of orange rust isolates from different locations investigated. Second, phenotypic diversity was examined by the single‐pustule inoculation technique on P. kuehnii isolates retrieved from three susceptible commercial sugarcane cultivars. A total of 96 SSR markers were generated and tested for this species. Subsequently, 29 isolates of P. kuehnii were fingerprinted with nine SSR markers to estimate the genotypic diversity by neighbour‐joining and 3D principal coordinates. The 29 isolates of the pathogen clustered into four main groups, which were identified by three SSR markers (NPRL_PK_108a, NPRL_PK_162_spka and NPRL_PK_221_spka). Phenotypic data at 21 days after the single‐pustule inoculation showed that P. kuehnii from highly susceptible commercial cultivars harboured a small proportion of variants capable of causing disease on resistant cultivars. A differential reaction was demonstrated for the most virulent variant in a repeated experiment confirming the existence of races within P. kuehnii in Brazil.

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“…Molecular analysis of Indian pathotypes of Puccinia triticina based on SSR markers indicated high genetic diversity and the presence of seven major genotypic clusters. These findings offer valuable information for framing suitable disease management strategies through appropriate region-specific gene deployment, and improve the understanding of the population biology and evolution of this pathogen in the Indian subcontinent [32]. Similar studies have been conducted for other wheat rust pathogens also [8,10].…”

Section: Dna Polymorphism Among Wheat Rust Pathogens/pathotypessupporting

confidence: 55%

Status of Wheat Rust Research and Progress in Rust Management-Indian Context

et al. 2019

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The rusts of wheat, caused by three species of Puccinia, are very devastating diseases and are major biotic constraints in efforts to sustain wheat production worldwide. Their capacity to spread aerially over long distances, rapid production of infectious uredospores, and abilities to evolve new pathotypes, makes the management of wheat pathogens a very challenging task. The development and deployment of resistant wheat varieties has proven to be the most economic, effective and efficient means of managing rust diseases. Rust resistance used in wheat improvement has included sources from the primary gene pool as well as from species distantly related to wheat. The 1BL/1RS translocation from cereal rye was used widely in wheat breeding, and for some time provided resistance to the wheat leaf rust, stripe rust, and stem rust pathogens conferred by genes Lr26, Yr9, and Sr31, respectively. However, the emergence of virulence for all three genes, and stripe rust resistance gene Yr27, has posed major threats to the cultivation of wheat globally. To overcome this threat, efforts are going on worldwide to monitor rust diseases, identify rust pathotypes, and to evaluate wheat germplasm for rust resistance. Anticipatory breeding and the responsible deployment of rust resistant cultivars have proven to be effective strategies to manage wheat rusts. Efforts are still however being made to decipher the recurrence of wheat rusts, their epidemiologies, and new genomic approaches are being used to break the yield barriers and manage biotic stresses such as the rusts. Efficient monitoring of pathotypes of Puccinia species on wheat, identification of resistance sources, pre-emptive breeding, and strategic deployment of rust resistant wheat cultivars have been the key factors to effective management of wheat rusts in India. The success in containing wheat rusts in India can be gauged by the fact that we had no wheat rust epiphytotic for nearly last five decades. This publication provides a comprehensive overview of the wheat rust research conducted in India.

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Population Differentiation of Wheat Leaf Rust Fungus <i>Puccinia triticina</i> in South Asia

Cited by 30 publications

References 21 publications

Molecular mapping of a new recessive wheat leaf rust resistance gene originating from Triticum spelta

Molecular mapping of a new recessive wheat leaf rust resistance gene originating from Triticum spelta

Genetic diversity of Puccinia kuehnii, the causal agent of orange rust of sugarcane, from Brazil

Status of Wheat Rust Research and Progress in Rust Management-Indian Context

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