Population development of Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips hawaiiensis in constant and fluctuating temperatures

Abstract

Temperature fluctuations may influence the behaviour of insects. Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips hawaiiensis are sympatric pests on flower and vegetable host plants in China. This study evaluated the influence of constant (23.0°C) and fluctuating temperatures (average of 23.0°C) on the population development of these two species. The results showed that both of these pests showed faster development and higher fecundity at a constant temperature than at fluctuating temperatures when fed on Rosa rugosa flowers, and F. occidentalis showed faster development and higher fecundity than T. hawaiiensis under both conditions. Under the constant and fluctuating temperatures, the development times from egg to adult were 9.57 and 10.62 day for F. occidentalis and 10.71 and 11.82 day for T. hawaiiensis, respectively. The total numbers of first instar nymph produced were 103.08 and 86.32 by F. occidentalis, 86.96 and 73.32 by T. hawaiiensis, under the constant and fluctuating temperatures, respectively, and a higher intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) (0.173 and 0.160) and R0 (46.31 and 36.86) were obtained in F. occidentalis compared with T. hawaiiensis (rm for 0.154 and 0.141 and R0 for 34.46 and 27.81, respectively). Our results indicate that the constant temperature had a positive effect on the population development of both F. occidentalis and T. hawaiiensis. Furthermore, F. occidentalis showed a stronger adaptability over T. hawaiiensis at both constant and fluctuating temperatures, according to its faster development and higher fecundity. These results may contribute to the better understanding of the biology of different thrip species, especially the interspecific competition between invasive and native thrips under the changing environment. These findings also provide basic data for the thrip pests control by using fluctuating temperatures.

Effect of fluctuating temperatures on development, reproduction and energy of oriental armyworm populations, Mythimna separata

“…The reproductive traits of insect populations are important indicators that can be used to determine the fitness consequences of fluctuating temperatures (Marshall & Sinclair, 2010). It has been reported that fluctuating temperature conditions negatively affect the fecundity and longevity of adults compared with optimal constant temperatures (Cao et al., 2019; Carroll & Quiring, 1993; Li et al., 2018). Our results showed that fluctuating temperatures (20–30°C) significantly restrained subsequent adult reproduction, resulting in a delay in adult oviposition and a decrease in lifetime fecundity, mating frequency, mating percentage and ovarian development grade in both populations.…”

Predicting the Current and Future Distributions of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) Based on the MaxEnt Species Distribution Model

“…The control of the rate of development, reproductive capacity and other growth distribution patterns of this destructive, invasive pest is particularly relevant. It was shown that fluctuations in temperature had significant effects on all these aspects, which, in turn, directly affected the distribution of F. occidentalis [ 24 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. In this study, the main environmental variables influencing changes in the distribution of F. occidentalis were identified based on the results of the jack-knife test and the contribution rate of the climate variables calculated using the Maxent model.…”

Effects of Different Parts of the Rose Flower on the Development, Fecundity, and Life Parameters of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

“…Zhu et al [ 41 ] found that the nymph duration of Cyrtorhinus lividipennis was significantly reduced and the female adult stage was evidently prolonged after adults were fed on Tagetes erecta , Trida procumbens , Emilia sonchifolia , and Sesamum indicum flowers. Flower petals were used as the test materials to determine the effect on the development of thrips [ 23 , 24 ]; compared with these studies, we emphasize the role of single rose petal to a whole rose flower.…”

“…WFT, as a flower-inhabiting insect, feeds predominantly on flowers and prefers Rosa rugosa flowers [ 22 ]. Cao et al [ 23 , 24 ] also reported that WFT had a higher population on R. chinensis flowers than that on Gardenia jasminoides flowers. Previous studies have shown that WFT caused the most damage when roses were in bloom, as breakouts occurred during this period [ 25 , 26 ].…”