Population density of <i>Diabrotica virgifera virgifera</i> LeConte beetles in Serbian first year and continuous maize fields

Sivčev, Ivan; Stanković, S.; Kostić, Miroslav; Lakic, Nada; Popović, Zorica

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0418.2009.01402.x

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Such a decrease has been documented in Serbia and southern Hungary following the establishment of IPM (Ripka and Princzinger 2001; Sivcev and Stankovic 2004; Boriani et al. 2006; Sivcev et al. 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Stratified dispersal and increasing genetic variation during the invasion of Central Europe by the western corn rootworm,Diabrotica virgifera virgifera

Ciosi

Miller

Toepfer³

et al. 2010

Evolutionary Applications

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Invasive species provide opportunities for investigating evolutionary aspects of colonization processes, including initial foundations of populations and geographic expansion. Using microsatellite markers and historical information, we characterized the genetic patterns of the invasion of the western corn rootworm (WCR), a pest of corn crops, in its largest area of expansion in Europe: Central and South-Eastern (CSE) Europe. We found that the invaded area probably corresponds to a single expanding population resulting from a single introduction of WCR and that gene flow is geographically limited within the population. In contrast to what is expected in classical colonization processes, an increase in genetic variation was observed from the center to the edge of the outbreak. Control measures against WCR at the center of the outbreak may have decreased effective population size in this area which could explain this observed pattern of genetic variation. We also found that small remote outbreaks in southern Germany and north-eastern Italy most likely originated from long-distance dispersal events from CSE Europe. We conclude that the large European outbreak is expanding by stratified dispersal, involving both continuous diffusion and discontinuous long-distance dispersal. This latter mode of dispersal may accelerate the expansion of WCR in Europe in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…2009). In 2003, the year of sampling, IPM against WCR had been used in Serbia for at least 5 years (Sivcev and Stankovic 2004; Sivcev et al. 2009) and in southern Hungary for 2 years (Ripka and Princzinger 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratified dispersal and increasing genetic variation during the invasion of Central Europe by the western corn rootworm,Diabrotica virgifera virgifera

Ciosi

Miller

Toepfer³

et al. 2010

Evolutionary Applications

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show abstract

“…This may lead to large population growth in optimal years and low or even decreasing population in suboptimal years (Table 1, and Toepfer and Kuhlmann 2006;Sivcev et al 2009). However, in our study, the variation explained by location, study year and their interaction accounts for about 15% of the total variation in the number of emerged adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Generational growth rate estimates of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera populations (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

et al. 2010

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Modelling population dynamics of the maize pest Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (western corn rootworm; Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) requires knowledge on the growth rate (=net reproductive rate) of the species. We investigated the generational (=annual) growth rate of D. v. virgifera in isolated maize fields in southern Hungary and eastern Croatia over several years. The population densities of D. v. virgifera were assessed by absolute counts of emerging adults in 90 gauze cages per study field. Emergence ranged from 1.3 to 30.7 adults per m 2 in continuous maize field sections, and from 0.3 to 5.1 adults per m 2 in adjacent first-year maize sections. The annual growth rates of D. v. virgifera ranged from 0.5 to 13, and averaged in close to 4. These experimentally assessed growth rates could complement growth estimates in population dynamic models, particularly those for forecasting the population growth to economic thresholds or for estimating population build-ups after new introductions of this alien species in Europe. As an example, the determined growth rate was used to estimate that the first documented successful introduction of this species into Europe occurred between 1979 and 1984, which is 8-13 years before the detection of this species and its larval damage in maize fields near Belgrade, Serbia, in 1992.

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“…Diabrotica virgifera virgifera is known to cause enormous damage to maize crops especially in regions with high maize densities and continuous maize production where the pest can build‐up abundances that exceed the economic injury level (Sivcev et al. ). Impacts on maize production due to yield losses have been reported from south‐eastern European regions with high D. v. virgifera densities to range from 10% to 30% depending on climate and maize density (Sivcev and Tomasev ; Igrc‐Barcic and Bazok ; Sivcev ; Baca et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Costs and benefits of plant health measures against Diabrotica: experiences and estimations for Germany

Kehlenbeck

Krügener

2012

J Applied Entomology

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Diabrotica virgifera virgifera has been found in Germany since 2007, and mandatory EU plant health measures must be applied. To evaluate information on the appropriateness of these measures, we analysed benefits and costs for the two control strategies eradication and containment by ex ante data estimations and observed experiences. As a ‘no official control’ scenario, we considered that maize is grown without plant health measures where growers start to apply insecticides 5 years after D. v. virgifera damage becomes obvious. The eradication strategy consists of crop rotation with additional insecticide treatments, and the containment strategy assumes crop rotation (two times maize within 3 years) or insecticide applications against adults (two applications per year). Spread of D. v. virgifera was calculated over 15 years based on the model of Baufeld and Enzian (2005, Symposium Proceedings No. 81: Introduction and Spread of Invasive Species, 149–154), and corresponding costs for the estimated accumulated areas were analysed. Additionally, the observed spread from 2007 to 2011 in Germany and resulting costs were compared with the estimated costs of the simulated ex ante scenarios. Eradication by crop rotation proved to be the most cost‐effective strategy for single outbreaks and a low maize density in the safety zone. In contrast, both containment strategies led to a moderate cost‐effectiveness whereof crop rotation is expected to be the more sustainable approach leading to less environmental impacts and resistance problems in the long term. Observed data showed that the range expansion of D. v. virgifera in Southern Germany was more rapid than expected from the low beetle numbers of the pheromone trappings leading to the assumption that both long‐distance dispersal and continuous short‐distance diffusion are involved. The observed average spread rate per year from 2007 to 2011 was estimated at 30 km. In Bavaria, the containment zone comprised in 2011 about 210 000 ha of maize production leading to much higher containment costs compared to the ex ante simulations.

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Population density of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte beetles in Serbian first year and continuous maize fields

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Stratified dispersal and increasing genetic variation during the invasion of Central Europe by the western corn rootworm,Diabrotica virgifera virgifera

Stratified dispersal and increasing genetic variation during the invasion of Central Europe by the western corn rootworm,Diabrotica virgifera virgifera

Generational growth rate estimates of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera populations (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Costs and benefits of plant health measures against Diabrotica: experiences and estimations for Germany

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