Population-based Survey of Invasive Bacterial Diseases, Greenland, 1995–2004

Meyer, A; Ladefoged, Karin; Poulsen, Peter; Koch, Anders

doi:10.3201/eid1401.071240

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Increased incidence of SAB according to ethnicity has previously been noted [7,8,16-18], however, this study is unique in the size of the disparity observed and the finding that the disparity is particularly marked for community-associated MRSA. There are key public health implications arising from these findings regarding strategies to prevent staphylococcal infections in Indigenous communities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Impact of ethnicity and socio-economic status on Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia incidence and mortality: a heavy burden in Indigenous Australians

et al. 2012

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BackgroundInvestigations of the impact of ethnicity and socio-economic status on incidence and outcomes of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia are limited.MethodsWe prospectively identified all S. aureus bacteraemia episodes in the Australian New Zealand Cooperative on Outcomes in Staphylococcal Sepsis cohort study between 2007 and 2010. We calculated population level incidence rates using regional postcodes and stratified the analysis by ethnicity, age and socio-economic status indexes.ResultsThere were 7539 episodes of S. aureus bacteraemia with an annual incidence of 11·2 episodes per 100,000 population. The age-adjusted incidence in the Indigenous population was 62·5 per 100,000 population with an age standardized incidence rate ratio of 5·9 compared to the non-Indigenous population and an incidence rate ratio of 29.2 for community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Populations in the lowest socio-economic status quintile had an increased S. aureus bacteraemia incidence compared to higher quintiles. However, there was a disparity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations across all socio-economic status quintiles. The lower 30-day mortality for Indigenous patients (7%) compared to non-Indigenous patients (17%) was explained by differences in age.ConclusionsIndigenous Australians suffer from a higher rate of S. aureus bacteraemia than non-Indigenous Australians, particularly for community-associated MRSA. Ethnicity and socio-economic status had little impact on subsequent mortality, with other host factors contributing more significantly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Impact of ethnicity and socio-economic status on Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia incidence and mortality: a heavy burden in Indigenous Australians

et al. 2012

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“…The psychosocial stress is reflected in alcohol abuse, violence and suicide, and these have all been shown to be associated with changes in lifestyle and living conditions (Curtis et al 2005) that are affected by the impacts of changing snow conditions on traditional activities (subsistence hunting and gathering as well as recreational activities). Currently, many Arctic indigenous and other resident populations are experiencing high mortality rates from injury and suicide and higher hospitalization rates for infants with pneumonia, meningitis and respiratory infections (Heikkinen et al 2008;Meyer et al 2008). Wintertime mortality and morbidity will decrease with higher environmental temperatures (Näyhä 2005).…”

Section: Socio-economic Processes and The Role Of Snow Covermentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Effects of Changes in Arctic Snow Cover

Callaghan

Johansson

Brown

et al. 2011

AMBIO

182

107

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Snow cover plays a major role in the climate, hydrological and ecological systems of the Arctic and other regions through its influence on the surface energy balance (e.g. reflectivity), water balance (e.g. water storage and release), thermal regimes (e.g. insulation), vegetation and trace gas fluxes. Feedbacks to the climate system have global consequences. The livelihoods and well-being of Arctic residents and many services for the wider population depend on snow conditions so changes have important consequences. Already, changing snow conditions, particularly reduced summer soil moisture, winter thaw events and rain-on-snow conditions have negatively affected commercial forestry, reindeer herding, some wild animal populations and vegetation. Reductions in snow cover are also adversely impacting indigenous peoples' access to traditional foods with negative impacts on human health and well-being. However, there are likely to be some benefits from a changing Arctic snow regime such as more even run-off from melting snow that favours hydropower operations.

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“…Recent research indicates that disinfection and removal of human pathogens in some Arctic wastewater stabilization ponds may be inadequate (Huang et al 2014). The risk of human exposure to inappropriately treated wastewater adds to the already high rates of infections, such as tuberculosis and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), in Alaska, Greenland, and Canadian indigenous populations (Meyer et al 2008;Vandenesch et al 2003, Byrd et al 2009, Bourgeois et al 2018. Furthermore, the continuing environmental change in the Arctic could significantly influence the fate of pathogenic microorganisms discharged from wastewater treatment systems into marine and freshwater environments, posing increased human health risks (Dudley et al 2015;Hueffer et al 2011;Parkinson et al 2014).…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%