Population‐based hospitalization burden estimates for respiratory viruses, 2015–2019

Zimmerman, Richard K.; Balasubramani, G.K.; D'Agostino, Helen; Clarke, Lloyd; Yassin, Mohamed; Middleton, Donald B.; Silveira, Fernanda P.; Wheeler, Nicole; Landis, Jonathan; Peterson, Alanna; Suyama, Joe; Weissman, Alexandra; Nowalk, Mary Patricia

doi:10.1111/irv.13040

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…RSV is increasingly recognised as a cause of severe illness and mortality in high-risk older adults, 4,5,[18][19][20] while clinical interest for rhinovirus and hMPV infections is still limited. In our study, 30-day mortality was not different between influenza and RSV, hMPV or rhinovirus infections (8-10%) and in line with previously published influenza and RSV data on adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Throughout the year, RSV, rhinovirus and hMPV infections made up a substantial proportion of total respiratory virus infections requiring hospitalisation. RSV is increasingly recognised as a cause of severe illness and mortality in high‐risk older adults, 4,5,18–20 while clinical interest for rhinovirus and hMPV infections is still limited. In our study, 30‐day mortality was not different between influenza and RSV, hMPV or rhinovirus infections (8–10%) and in line with previously published influenza and RSV data on adults 4,21,22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative analysis of mortality in patients admitted with an infection with influenza A/B virus, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, metapneumovirus or SARS‐CoV‐2

Boon,

Meinders,

van Hannen

et al. 2024

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundWhile influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) are recognised as a cause of severe illness and mortality, clinical interest for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infections is still limited.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective database study comparing baseline characteristics and 30‐day mortality in a large cohort of adult patients admitted for an overnight stay or longer with an influenza virus (A/B), rhinovirus, hMPV, RSV or SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. For non‐SARS‐CoV‐2 viruses, data were included for the period July 2017–February 2020. For SARS‐CoV‐2, data between March 2020 and March 2022 were included.ResultsCovariate‐adjusted 30‐day mortality following RSV, hMPV or rhinovirus infections was substantial (crude mortality 8–10%) and comparable with mortality following hospitalisation with an influenza A virus infection. Mortality following a SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was consistently higher than for any other respiratory virus, at any point in time (crude mortality 14–25%). Odds of mortality for SARS‐CoV‐2 compared with influenza A declined from 4.9 to 1.7 over the course of the pandemic. Patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection had less comorbidity than patients with other respiratory virus infections and were more often male. In this cohort, age was related to mortality following hospitalisation, while an association with comorbidity was not apparent.ConclusionsWith the exception of SARS‐CoV‐2 infections, we find the clinical outcome of common respiratory virus infections requiring hospitalisation more similar than often assumed. The observed mortality from SARS‐CoV‐2 was significantly higher, but the difference with other respiratory viruses became less distinct over time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of mortality in patients admitted with an infection with influenza A/B virus, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, metapneumovirus or SARS‐CoV‐2

Boon,

Meinders,

van Hannen

et al. 2024

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…1,2,[26][27][28][29] Both rhinoviruses and ccCoV, as well as other respiratory viruses, have also been demonstrated to have the potential to cause severe illness in adults and children following community-acquired infection. 5,12,30 In adults, the rate of HARVI was higher among those with congestive heart failure, renal disease, and cancer. Similarly among children, cardiovascular and respiratory conditions, cancer, and medical device dependence were all associated with increased rate of HARVI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2,26–29 Both rhinoviruses and ccCoV, as well as other respiratory viruses, have also been demonstrated to have the potential to cause severe illness in adults and children following community-acquired infection. 5,12,30…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1–4 Although influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and now SARS-CoV-2 are notable causes of severe illness, a large proportion of respiratory virus-associated hospitalizations are caused by other species. 5 Healthcare-associated outbreaks have been described for influenza, RSV, common-cold coronaviruses (ccCoV), adenovirus, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, and human metapneumovirus (hMPV). 6 The total burden of hospital-associated respiratory virus infections (HARVI), not just those related to sizeable outbreaks, has increasingly been recognized given the availability and utilization of multiplex respiratory pathogen panels.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence and outcomes of hospital-associated respiratory virus infections by viral species

Petrie,

Moore,

Lauring

et al. 2023

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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Background: Although the incidence of hospital-associated respiratory virus infection (HARVI) is well recognized, the risk factors for infection and impact on patient outcomes are not well characterized. Methods: We identified a cohort of all inpatient admissions ≥24 hours duration at a single academic medical center from 2017 to 2020. HARVI were defined as respiratory virus detected in a test ordered after the 95th percentile of the virus-specific incubation period. Risk factors for HARVI were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models of the competing outcomes of HARVI and discharge. The associations between time-varying HARVI status and the rates of ICU admission, discharge, and in-hospital death were estimated using Cox-proportional hazards models in a competing risk framework. Results: HARVI incidences were 8.8 and 3.0 per 10,000 admission days for pediatric and adult patients, respectively. For adults, congestive heart failure, renal disease, and cancer increased HARVI risk independent of their associations with length of stay. HARVI risk was also elevated for patients admitted in September–June relative to July admissions. For pediatric patients, cardiovascular and respiratory conditions, cancer, medical device dependence, and admission in December increased HARVI risk. Lengths of stay were longer for adults with HARVI compared to those without, and hospital-associated influenza A was associated with increased risk of death. Rates of ICU admission were increased in the 5 days after HARVI identification for adult and pediatric patients. HARVI was not associated with length of stay or death among pediatric patients. Conclusions: HARVI is associated chronic health conditions and increases morbidity and mortality.

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Understanding the Global Burden of Influenza in Adults Aged 18–64 years: A Systematic Literature Review from 2012 to 2022

et al. 2023

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Introduction Adults aged 18–64 years comprise most of the working population, meaning that influenza infection can be disruptive, causing prolonged absence from the workplace, and reduced productivity and the ability to care for dependents. Influenza vaccine uptake is relatively low, even among the older adults in this population (i.e., aged 50–64 years), reflecting a lack of perceived need for vaccination. This systematic literature review (SLR) aimed to characterize the global burden of influenza in the 18–64 years population. Methods An electronic database search was conducted and supplemented with conference and gray literature searches. Eligible studies described at least one of clinical, humanistic, or economic outcomes in adults aged 18–64 years and conducted across several global regions. Included studies were published in English, between January 1, 2012, and September 20, 2022. Results A total of 40 publications were included, with clinical, humanistic, and economic outcomes reported in 39, 5, and 15, respectively. Risk of influenza-associated clinical outcomes were reported to increase with age among the 18–64 years population, including hospitalizations (Yamana et al. in Intern Med 60:3401–3408, 2021; Derqui et al. in Influenza Other Respir Viruses 16:862–872, 2022; Fuller et al. in Influenza Other Respir Viruses 16:265–275, 2022; Ortiz et al. in Crit Care Med 42:2325–2332, 2014; Yandrapalli et al. in Ann Transl Med 6:318, 2018; Zimmerman et al. in Influenza Other Respir Viruses 16:1133–1140, 2022). ICU admissions, mortality, ER/outpatient visits, and use of mechanical ventilation were recorded. Adults aged 18–64 years with underlying comorbidities were at higher risk of influenza-related hospitalizations, ICU admission, and mortality than otherwise healthy individuals. Length of hospital stay increased with age, although a lack of stratification across other economic outcomes prevented identification of further trends across age groups. Conclusions High levels of hospitalization and outpatient visits demonstrated a clinical influenza-associated burden on patients and healthcare systems, which is exacerbated by comorbidities. Considering the size and breadth of the general population aged 18–64 years, the limited humanistic and economic findings of this SLR likely reflect an underreported burden. Greater investigation into indirect costs and prolonged absenteeism associated with influenza infection is required to fully understand the economic burden in this population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12325-023-02610-1.

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Population‐based hospitalization burden estimates for respiratory viruses, 2015–2019

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Comparative analysis of mortality in patients admitted with an infection with influenza A/B virus, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, metapneumovirus or SARS‐CoV‐2

Comparative analysis of mortality in patients admitted with an infection with influenza A/B virus, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, metapneumovirus or SARS‐CoV‐2

Incidence and outcomes of hospital-associated respiratory virus infections by viral species

Understanding the Global Burden of Influenza in Adults Aged 18–64 years: A Systematic Literature Review from 2012 to 2022

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