Population-based cancer incidence in Sikkim, India: report on ethnic variation

Abstract

Background:A Population-Based Cancer Registry (PBCR) was set up in Sikkim (a state in the North Eastern India) in 2003. We examined incidence rates by ethnic groups from 2003–2008.Methods:Age-adjusted incidence rates (AARs) per 100 000 person-years were calculated by direct method using the world standard population, and analysed by ethnic group (Bhutia, Rai and other).Result:There were a total of 1148 male and 1063 female cases of cancer between 2003 and 2008 on the Sikkim PBCR. The overall AARs were 89.4 and 99.4 per 100 000 person-years in males and females, respectively. Incidence rates were highest amongst the Bhutia group (AAR=172.4 and 147.4 per 100 000 person-years in males and females, respectively), and the largest difference in rates were observed for stomach cancers with AARs being 12.6 and 4.7 times higher in the Bhutia group compared with other ethnic groups in males and females, respectively.Conclusion:These observations call for further epidemiological investigations and the introduction of screening programmes.

Helicobacter pylori serological biomarkers of gastric cancer risk in the MCC-Spain case-control Study

“…In 2012, the estimated number of new gastric cancer cases in Spain was 7,810, and the number of registered deaths was 5,675; the corresponding age-standardized incidence and mortality rates (European Standard Population) were 16.4 per 100,000 population in men and 7.5 in women [3], and 11.3 per 100,000 population in men and 5.2 in women, respectively [4]. Geographic variations have also been observed within countries [5][6][7]. In Spain, gastric cancer mortality displays a singular geographical pattern, with higher mortality rates in Central and Northern regions [8,9].…”

Audit of Cancer Patients from Eastern Uttar Pradesh (UP), India: A University Hospital Based Two Year Retrospective Analysis

“…Geographic differences exist in patterns of cancer observed among the different registries (ICMR, 2002). For example, cancer of the gall bladder (GB) has high incidence in the PBCRs of Delhi; especially rural Delhi (Manoharan et al, 2010) and Bhopal, while cancer of the nasopharynx has been the one of the consistent leading cancer site among males in Sikkim (ICMR, 2006;Verma et al, 2012) and Mizoram.…”

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“…In Sikkim, the overall AARs were 89.4 and 99.4 per 100,000 person-years in males and females, respectively, with incidence rates highest amongst the Bhutia group (Verma et al, 2012). In urban Delhi lung (ASR: 13.8 per 100,000) followed by oral cavity (ASR: 11.4), prostate (ASR: 9.0) and larynx (ASR: 7.9).…”

“…Sikkim stomach cancers with AARs being 12.6 and 4.7 times higher in the Bhutia group compared with other ethnic groups in males and females, respectively (Verma et al, 2012) The Malaysian National Cancer Registry (NCR) report for the period 2003-2005 showed an incidence of stomach cancer of 2.2 for Malay, 11.3 for Chinese and 11.9 for Indian males per 100,000 population, Malay (1.3), Chinese (7.2) and Indian (7.2) women having rates lower than men (Lim, 2009). Stomach cancer mortality in males in the region of North East in the North Viet Nam (2005-06) was higher than that in Japan (2002) (31.3 versus 28.7 per 100,000) (Ngoan et al, 2008.…”