Population attributable fractions of modifiable risk factors for dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

What’s new in dementia risk prediction modelling? An updated systematic review

“…This includes evaluating potential harms, patient, and public acceptability of such tools, the implications of any such effort for health systems to address questions around who would be responsible for undertaking scoring and risk communication, and how model outcomes could inform “personalised medicine” plans [ 119 ]. Moreover, population-based strategies, in tandem with personalised medicine approaches, may provide a more holistic strategy to preventing dementia by not only having the potential to significantly reduce the overall prevalence of dementia but may also help address health disparities by ensuring that dementia prevention efforts are built in to society, and those that are individually orientated are appropriate and accessible [ 120 , 121 ]. Finally, there needs to be a consensus on the most well-developed models and focussing research resources on improving the clinical validity and utility of these models as a clinical risk prediction tool for application across diverse communities in the general population.…”

A Brief History of the Progress in Our Understanding of Genetics and Lifestyle, Especially Diet, in the Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease

“…A 2024 report from the UK, also published in the Lancet , 42 included the same 12 modifiable factors for dementia. This time, the pooled unweighted PAFs for dietary-related factors were higher: hypertension, 15.8%; and obesity, 9.4%; while the weighted PAFs for dietary-related factors were higher as well: hypertension, 7.1%; and obesity, 5.3%.…”

Vision Impairment in Dementia—A Growing Priority for Prevention

“…However, an increasing number of studies in the last few years have investigated the association between vision impairment and the risk of dementia, with most finding positive associations. 2,3 This highlights the importance of vision impairment as a potentially modifiable factor for dementia, especially considering that 80.0% of vision impairment cases are preventable or treatable. 4 Using data from a nationally representative study of older US individuals, Smith et al 5 estimated that 19.0% of prevalent dementia cases were attributed to at least 1 vision impairment.…”

“…Vision impairment, another sensory stimulus, was not among the leading modifiable factors of dementia. However, an increasing number of studies in the last few years have investigated the association between vision impairment and the risk of dementia, with most finding positive associations . This highlights the importance of vision impairment as a potentially modifiable factor for dementia, especially considering that 80.0% of vision impairment cases are preventable or treatable …”