Population Aging and Health Care Services: What Governments Should Do

Chen, Liang Kung

doi:10.1016/j.archger.2020.104296

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…[8] Asian countries, such as Japan, developed acute care and LTC settings to ensure personal care is provided to the elderly. [9] In Australia, a comprehensive LTC system was established in the community, residential care, hospitals and other types of institutional care to meet varies personal needs of the elderly. [10,11] In China, LTC has also been promoted by the government to deal with the growing aging population .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Care status for the Elderly with Different Levels of Physical Ability: a cross-sectional investigation in first-tier cities of China

Zhou

Zha

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Long term care (LTC) services providing support to functional impaired senior citizens are considered a viable solution to the aging society. However, what are the clinical characteristics, who is eligible and what should be covered remains unclear in China. Therefore, we aim to investigate the elderly population who require LTC and explore the LTC status of the elderly. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in two of four first-tier cities in China. Residents aged 65 and over were recruited from a nursing home and primary hospitals. Participants were divided into three groups (bedridden, domestic and community) then six grades (grade one to six) according to Longshi Scale, and their functional ability was assessed using Modified Barthel Index (MBI). Information such as diseases, complications, daily care needs were collected. Nursing staff were invited to indicate patients’ needs for care. Results: Participants in the bedridden group accounted for 69.3% of all participants (1157). The most common diagnosis stroke (71.4%), and complication, pulmonary infection (25.2%), suffered by all participants should be focused in LTC. Participants in Longshi Scale grade one to three had higher demand for assistance in daily activities may be the ones eligible for LTC. In the nursing assessment, basic health care, disease care, mobility care, complication prevention care and psychosocial care were summarized as the five main aspects of LTC for the elderly. Feeding, bathing, drinking, bowel management and bladder management were identified as basic care which fulfills participants’ basic physical needs in each Longshi group. Mouth care, artificial airway management, body reposition which can prevent immobility complications were highly demanded by bedridden elderly. Conclusions: The elderly in grade one to three are the ones in need of LTC most. The content of LTC for elderly should includecare for disease, mobility and psychosocial needs, specially basic care which fulfills their basic physical needs and complicationcare which can prevent immobility complications. Trial registration: The study design was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-2000034067, Registered 22 Jun 2020, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=54770)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Care status for the Elderly with Different Levels of Physical Ability: a cross-sectional investigation in first-tier cities of China

Zhou

Zha

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Today, the high frequency of aging populations across the globe is increasing demand for palliative care, presenting a tough challenge for many countries faced with complex and diverse health-care needs (Chen 2021). It has been estimated that approximately 7.5 million people need palliative care in China (Ding et al 2021); however, only 3% of this population receives palliative care services (Wang et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volunteers’ spiritual care competence and its relationship with attitudes toward palliative care: A cross-sectional study

et al. 2023

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Objectives Given the rising burden of palliative care and the limited human resources for its facilitation in China, volunteers are becoming increasingly indispensable. In particular, there is a high demand for volunteers who can serve as spiritual caregivers. However, a volunteer’s ability to provide good spiritual care in a palliative setting may be influenced by their attitude toward palliative care. To uncover the current state of spiritual caregiving in palliative settings in China and insights into best practices for its improvement, this study measured spiritual care competence and identified its influencing factors and explored its relationship with attitudes toward palliative care among volunteers. Notably, this study is the first to consider spiritual care competence alongside attitudes toward palliative care. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study using online survey methods was conducted with 385 volunteers in Shanghai, China. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Results Volunteers demonstrated relatively low levels of spiritual care competence (58.50 ± 10.92). Statistically significant correlations were found between spiritual care competence and the following variables: age, educational background, marital status, religious beliefs, occupational status, and relevant training and practical experience. Attitude toward palliative care significantly correlated with spiritual care competence (r = 0.49, p < 0.001). Significance of results To continually improve volunteers’ spiritual care competence, diversified education and training programs about spiritual care should be designed for different kinds of volunteers; moreover, because attitude toward palliative care significantly impacted spiritual care competence, such programs should encourage positive attitudes toward palliative care.

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“…Meanwhile, population aging challenges both developed and developing countries ( 13 ). According to the latest data released by the United States Bureau of the Census (USBC), there are 16.5% of Americans over 65 years old.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family influences on older adults' problem drinking: A representative nationwide study of China

Feng

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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AimIt is reported that problem drinking is severe among the elderly. The family environment has been regarded as a significant effecting factor in alcohol consumption of the drinker. With the increasing number of older people, paying more attention to this vulnerable group's drinking status and its' influencing factors is substantial for improving older adults' health and the quality of health services.MethodsThis study used data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy and Longevity Study (CLHLS), which was a representative survey covering 23 provinces in mainland China. Cross-sectional analyses were conducted with 15,142 older individuals (aged ≥65 years). Three self-reported questions about drinking behavior were examined to calculate alcohol consumption and categorize problem drinkers. Three multi-level models were utilized while adjusting for numerous socio-demographic and self-reported health factors to analyze the effect of family factors associated with problem drinking among the elderly.ResultsA total of 1,800 problem drinkers (12%) were identified in the sample. Key factors for the problem drinker were assessed such as Hukou (governmental household registration system), current marital status, years of schooling, primary caregivers, and financial sources of living were associated with problem drinking. The older population who live in rural areas (OR = 1.702, CI = 1.453, 1.994), with advanced years of education (OR = 1.496, CI = 1.284, 1.744), and making life by themselves (OR = 1.330, CI = 1.139, 1.552) were more likely to engage in problem drinking while those participants who are widowed (OR = 0.678, CI = 0.574, 0.801), cared for by children or other relatives (OR = 0.748, CI = 0.642, 0.871), adult care giver (OR = 0.348, CI = 0.209, 0.578) or by no one (OR = 0.539, CI = 0.348, 0.835), provided with financial support from their children (OR = 0.698, CI = 0.605, 0.806), other relatives (OR = 0.442, CI = 0.332, 0.587), or the government/community (OR = 0.771, CI = 0.650, 0.915), with insufficient financial support (OR = 0.728, CI = 0.608, 0.872) were at lower risk of problem drinking.ConclusionsThis study provides a strong correlation of various family factors that were associated with problem drinking among the elderly. The findings underscore the effort to promote healthy behaviors, including the importance of positive family factors and appropriate levels of alcohol consumption.

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Population Aging and Health Care Services: What Governments Should Do

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Long-Term Care status for the Elderly with Different Levels of Physical Ability: a cross-sectional investigation in first-tier cities of China

Long-Term Care status for the Elderly with Different Levels of Physical Ability: a cross-sectional investigation in first-tier cities of China

Volunteers’ spiritual care competence and its relationship with attitudes toward palliative care: A cross-sectional study

Family influences on older adults' problem drinking: A representative nationwide study of China

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