Popular Justice or Why Were There No Sans-Culottes in America?

Abstract

A b s t r a c t: The article applies a comparative perspective to assess the onset of the two 'successful' eighteen-century revolutions -the American and the French. The Boston events of March 1770 are compared with those of Paris in July 1789: in both cases 'the people' faced the soldiers, riots and politically generated violence led to bloodshed, but the subsequent actions of the insurgents showed a marked difference in understanding the sense of justice and the ways of promoting revolutionary discourse. Boston patriots relied on the English-based system of common law, were ready to condemn their own radicals and did not wish plebeian justice to prevail. They hoped for a perestroika, not for a revolution. The French -finding no culprits to condemn, and having as of yet no legal institutions of their own to use -were willing to disregard the legal continuity of the state and to search for more radical solutions. K e y w o r d s: Revolution, Boston, Paris, massacre, Bastille, violence.