POP-PL: a patient-oriented prescription programming language

Abstract

Medical professionals have long used algorithmic thinking to describe and implement health care processes without the benefit of the conceptual framework provided by a programming language. Instead, medical algorithms are expressed using English, flowcharts, or data tables. This results in prescriptions that are difficult to understand, hard to debug, and awkward to reuse. This paper reports on the design and evaluation of a domainspecific programming language, POP-PL, for expressing medical algorithms. The design draws on the experience of researchers in two disciplines, programming languages and medicine. The language is based around the idea that programs and humans have complementary strengths, that when combined can make for safer, more accurate performance of prescriptions. We implemented a prototype of our language and evaluated its design by writing prescriptions in the new language and administering a usability survey to medical professionals. This formative evaluation suggests that medical prescriptions can be conveyed by a programming language's mode of expression and provides useful information for refining the language. Analysis of the survey results suggests that medical professionals can understand and correctly modify programs in POP-PL.

A guideline representation language for pervasive healthcare

“…For example, Klimov and Shahar in 2013 presented the iALARM language which is explicitly designed for managing alerts [41]. Similarly, Florence et al in 2015 presented a patient-oriented prescription programming language (POP-PL), which is a language for specifying prescriptions, including instructions for modifying drug dosage [20].…”