POP exposure from fish liver consumption and risk of cancer—the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study

Brustad, Magritt; Sandanger, Torkjel M.; Andersen, Vegard; Lund, Eiliv

doi:10.1039/b706302b

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Consumption of fillet without the skin can help to significantly reduce PFAS uptake. The consumption of fish liver should also be avoided when the contamination with PFASs cannot be excluded [43]. As shown in the present study, liver can contain up to 24% of the total body burden of single PFASs, despite the low organ weight, due to high tissue concentrations.…”

Section: Proportional Distribution Of Pfas Whole-body Burdenmentioning

confidence: 61%

Biomagnification and tissue distribution of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in market‐size rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Goeritz

Falk

Stahl

et al. 2013

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The present study investigated the biomagnification potential as well as the substance and tissue-specific distribution of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in market-size rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Rainbow trout with an average body weight of 314 ± 21 g were exposed to perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) in the diet for 28 d. The accumulation phase was followed by a 28-d depuration phase, in which the test animals were fed with nonspiked trout feed. On days 0, 7, 14, 28, 31, 35, 42, and 56 of the present study, fish were sampled from the test basin for PFAS analysis. Biomagnification factors (BMFs) for all test compounds were determined based on a kinetic approach. Distribution factors were calculated for each test compound to illustrate the disposition of PFASs in rainbow trout after 28 d of exposure. Dietary exposure of market-size rainbow trout to PFASs did not result in biomagnification; BMF values were calculated as 0.42 for PFOS, >0.23 for PFNA, >0.18 for PFHxS, >0.04 for PFOA, and >0.02 for PFBS, which are below the biomagnification threshold of 1. Liver, blood, kidney, and skin were identified as the main target tissues for PFASs in market-size rainbow trout. Evidence was shown that despite relative low PFAS contamination, the edible parts of the fish (the fillet and skin) can significantly contribute to the whole-body burden.

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Section: Proportional Distribution Of Pfas Whole-body Burdenmentioning

confidence: 61%

Biomagnification and tissue distribution of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in market‐size rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Goeritz

Falk

Stahl

et al. 2013

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…A study of women from New York City found no apparent association between fish intake and breast cancer risk [12,14,21]. Consistent with this, a large-scale EPIC study [10], and studies conducted in Norway [22] and Sweden [23] found no apparent evidence for an association between fish intake and breast cancer risk. Holmes et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Fatty fish and fish omega-3 fatty acid intakes decrease the breast cancer risk: a case-control study

et al. 2009

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BackgroundAlthough it is believed that fish ω-3 fatty acids may decrease breast cancer risk, epidemiological evidence has been inconclusive. This study examined the association between fish and fish ω-3 fatty acids intake with the risk of breast cancer in a case-control study of Korean women.MethodsWe recruited 358 incident breast cancer patients and 360 controls with no history of malignant neoplasm from the National Cancer Center Hospital between July 2007 and April 2008. The study participants were given a 103-item food intake frequency questionnaire to determine their dietary consumption of fish (fatty and lean fish) and ω-3 fatty acids derived from fish (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)).ResultsUsing a multivariate logistic regression model, high intake of fatty fish was associated with a reduced risk for breast cancer in both pre- and postmenopausal women (OR [95% CI] for highest vs. lowest intake quartiles, p for trend: 0.19 [0.08 to 0.45], p < 0.001 for premenopausal women, 0.27 [0.11 to 0.66], p = 0.005 for postmenopausal women). Similarly, reductions in breast cancer risk were observed among postmenopausal subjects who consumed more than 0.101 g of EPA (OR [95% CI]: 0.38 [0.15 to 0.96]) and 0.213 g of DHA (OR [95% CI]: 0.32 [0.13 to 0.82]) from fish per day compared to the reference group who consumed less than 0.014 g of EPA and 0.037 g of DHA per day. Among premenopausal women, there was a significant reduction in breast cancer risk for the highest intake quartiles of ω-3 fatty acids (ORs [95% CI]: 0.46 [0.22 to 0.96]), compared to the reference group who consumed the lowest quartile of intake.ConclusionThese results suggest that high consumption of fatty fish is associated with a reduced risk for breast cancer, and that the intake of ω-3 fatty acids from fish is inversely associated with postmenopausal breast cancer risk.

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“…However, demonstrating the effects of large-scale contamination on human populations is not straightforward (Eisler 2003), and epidemiological studies are often confounded by other health effects in the population (Brustad et al 2007). Where there are discrete pathways, e.g.…”

Section: Terrestrial Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Transport and dynamics of toxic pollutants in the natural environment and their effect on human health: research gaps and challenge

Hursthouse

Kowalczyk²

2008

Environ Geochem Health

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The source-pathway-receptor (SPR) approach to human exposure and risk assessment contains considerable uncertainty when using the refined modelling approaches to pollutant transport and dispersal, not least in how compounds of concern might be prioritized, proxy or indicator substances identified and the basic environmental and toxicological data collected. The impact of external environmental variables, urban systems and lifestyle is still poorly understood. This determines exposure of individuals and there are a number of methods being developed to provide more reliable spatial assessments. Within the human body, the dynamics of pollutants and effects on target organs from diffuse, transient sources of exposure sets ambitious challenges for traditional risk assessment approaches. Considerable potential exists in the application of, e.g. physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models. The reduction in uncertainties associated with the effects of contaminants on humans, transport and dynamics influencing exposure, implications of adult versus child exposure and lifestyle and the development of realistic toxicological and exposure data are all highlighted as urgent research needs. The potential to integrate environmental with toxicological models provides the next phase of research opportunity and should be used to drive empirical and model assessments.

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POP exposure from fish liver consumption and risk of cancer—the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Biomagnification and tissue distribution of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in market‐size rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Biomagnification and tissue distribution of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in market‐size rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Fatty fish and fish omega-3 fatty acid intakes decrease the breast cancer risk: a case-control study

Transport and dynamics of toxic pollutants in the natural environment and their effect on human health: research gaps and challenge

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