Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma Arising in the Setting of Erythema Ab Igne

Sigmon, Justin R.; Cantrell, Jacob; Teague, Daniel J.; Sangüeza, Omar P.; Sheehan, Daniel J.

doi:10.1097/dad.0b013e3182871648

Cited by 23 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In longstanding EAI, follow‐up screening is recommended for signs of malignant change. A more aggressive approach is indicated if premalignant features are present, such as hyperkeratosis or ulceration . The infrared radiation‐induced malignant progression of EAI seems to mirror that of ultraviolet radiation as demonstrated by similar features both histopathologically and clinically .…”

Section: Treatment and Prognosismentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Frequency, exposure time, and heat source temperature influence the development of EAI, which may develop from 2 weeks to a few months . EAI is typically asymptomatic, although some people complain of a mild burning sensation and pruritus . Its histopathology may appear relatively normal with only mild acanthosis and hyperpigmentation of basal keratinocytes …”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Repetitive long‐term exposure to infrared radiation (IR) likely promotes changes in dermal elastic fibers and involves the dermal venous plexus from which the pattern of eruption follows . Microscopic changes also include epidermal atrophy, vasodilation, and dermal deposition of melanin and hemosiderin . IR may cause changes in the epidermis in a similar fashion as ultraviolet light .…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although rare, EAI has been associated with squamous cell carcinoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, and cutaneous marginal zone B cell lymphoma after a latency of many years . There are several other types of cancers associated with heat exposure, including Kang cancer in China and Tibet, resulting from frequent use of Kang (heated) beds, and Kangri cancer of Kashmir India, associated with wearing a kangri pot of hot coals surrounded by a wicker basket under one's clothes .…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Erythema ab igne: new technology rebounding upon its users?

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Erythema ab igne (EAI) is a persistent, chronic skin condition resulting from prolonged exposure to infrared radiation, experienced as heat. Once associated with traditional warming sources like wood burning stoves or open fires, modern, infrared exposure originates also from newer sources like laptops and heating pads and may be creating a rebound of EAI. The epidemiology may be different too, with younger patients than previously seen. Localized EAI over an area of pain in the abdomen or lower back can be a sign of an underlying disorder, including cancer. Prognosis of EAI is good, with removal of the heat source resulting in complete remission. In chronic cases in which premalignant cutaneous dysplasia has resulted, additional treatments may be necessary including topical retinoids, 5-fluorouracil cream, and laser treatments. Rarely, cancers such as squamous cell carcinoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, and cutaneous marginal zone B cell lymphoma have been associated with longstanding EAI.

show abstract

Section: Treatment and Prognosismentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Erythema ab igne: new technology rebounding upon its users?

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mainstay of management is cessation of heat exposure, and mild cases usually self resolve over several months. Squamous cell carcinoma is anecdotally reported to be a rare complication in untreated and chronic cases 1. The underlying cause of hypothermia or pain should be appropriately investigated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin reaction in a patient with chronic abdominal pain

Watson

Matthews

2018

BMJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Erythema Ab Igne

Knöpfel

Weibel

2021

JAMA Dermatol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A teenage girl with a medical history of an eating disorder was seen by the dermatology department for the evaluation of livedolike skin changes on the abdomen that had developed over the preceding 2 weeks. She had been admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain along with severe restriction of food intake and purging behavior. She was otherwise asymptomatic. Physical examination revealed a nonblanching, violaceous to hyperpigmented reticulated patch on the central abdomen (Figure). A clinical diagnosis of erythema ab igne (EAI) was made, and the patient confirmed the frequent use of a hot water bottle to alleviate abdominal discomfort continuously overnight for 4 weeks. She was advised to discontinue using her heating bottle, and the cutaneous findings slowly improved, with complete resolution after 6 months.Erythema ab igne is a pathognomonic cutaneous reaction caused by long-term heat exposure below the threshold for thermal burn. The exact pathophysiology of EAI is unknown, but the netlike hyperpigmented pattern corresponds to vasodilation of the dermal vascular plexus followed by hemosiderin deposition. 1 While characteristically self-resolving following cessation of the heat source, its clinical presentation may be mistaken for livedo racemosa, a pathologic sign that may be associated with vasoocclusion or medium-vessel vasculitis. The Cullen sign, a typical finding indicative of pancreatic necrosis with retroperitoneal or intra-abdominal hemorrhage, must also be distinguished. Hence, it is of utmost importance to recognize EAI to offer proper advice and avoid unnecessary medical testing.The dermatologist must be aware of potential heat sources based on the location; for example, laptop batteries have been reported as the source for EAI when it occurs on the thighs. 2 There is also an increasing number of reports of EAI involving the abdomen in adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa who pursue local heating measures to alleviate abdominal discomfort. 3 Patients with anorexia nervosa also experience difficulty with thermo-regulation and an abnormal vascular response to cold that further encourages prolonged heat exposure. 3 The course of EAI is usually benign; however, few cases may progress to cutaneous malignant transformation, particularly if atrophic or nonhealing in nature. 4 Early recognition and cessation of heat exposure may prevent unnecessary diagnostic studies and typically results in complete resolution of the characteristic skin findings. This case highlights the important association between EIA and eating disorders and encourages consideration of these conditions, particularly in those at risk.

show abstract

Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma Arising in the Setting of Erythema Ab Igne

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

Erythema ab igne: new technology rebounding upon its users?

Erythema ab igne: new technology rebounding upon its users?

Skin reaction in a patient with chronic abdominal pain

Erythema Ab Igne

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About