Poor Sleep Quality Decreases Concurrent Training Benefits in Markers of Metabolic Syndrome and Quality of Life of Morbidly Obese Patients

Abstract

Background: Sleep quality (SQ) plays a role in multiple activities of daily living, but little is known about its role in concurrent training [CT, high-intensity interval (HIIT) plus resistance training (RT)] adaptations for metabolic syndrome (MetS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) markers. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of a 20-week CT programme on MetS and HRQoL markers according to the SQ of morbidly obese patients. Methods: Twenty-nine morbidly obese patients were allocated to one of two groups: good sleep quality (GSQ, n = 15, 38.07 ± 12.26 years) and poor sleep quality (PSQ, n = 14, 40.79 ± 11.62 years). HRQoL, body mass index, waist circumference (WC), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively), and plasma outcomes were measured. Results: The GSQ group reported significant changes (pre- vs. post-intervention) in WC (114.0 ± 3.1 vs. 110.4 ± 3.4 cm, p = 0.012), SBP (137.0 ± 4.3 vs. 125.6 ± 1.8 mmHg, p = 0.006), and HRQoL general health (51.33 ± 21.08 vs. 64.33 ± 16.24, p = 0.020). By contrast, the PSQ group showed significant changes only in SQ (9.00 ± 2.42 vs. 5.36 ± 2.84, p = 0.004). Conclusions: Morbidly obese PSQ patients showed a lower response for improving MetS and HRQoL markers after a 20-week CT programme than GSQ peers. However, there was a greater effect size for decreasing WC and SBP in favour of the GSQ compared with the PSQ group, suggesting that there are limitations to CT benefits on these outcomes in the PSQ group. These results call for more complex future studies.

Concurrent training and interindividual response in women with a high number of metabolic syndrome risk factors

“…Of note, concurrent training intervention can change body weight, body fat, waist circumference (WC), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in morbidly obese patients ( Picó-Sirvent et al, 2019 ). We have corroborated these findings from our own experience in these cohorts with MetS risk factors ( Delgado-Floody et al, 2020 ; Delgado-Floody et al, 2021 ).…”

“…Exercise training and particularly, concurrent training i.e., a mixture of a high-intensity interval [i.e., HIIT, a few seconds of high-intensity intervals on a bike interspersed by recovery periods ( Gibala et al, 2012 )] plus resistance training (i.e., RT, voluntary concentric/eccentric muscle contraction using external weights) ( Dunstan et al, 2002 ) is not only a useful tool for counteracting altered anthropometric/body composition, cardiovascular, and metabolic parameters with health aims ( Delgado-Floody et al, 2021 ; Dupuit et al, 2021 ) but is also a feasible strategy for improving the overall physical performance and mental condition in patients with morbid obesity ( Delgado-Floody et al, 2020 ; Delgado-Floody et al, 2021 ). Of note, concurrent training intervention can change body weight, body fat, waist circumference (WC), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in morbidly obese patients ( Picó-Sirvent et al, 2019 ).…”

Residual Impact of Concurrent, Resistance, and High-Intensity Interval Training on Fasting Measures of Glucose Metabolism in Women With Insulin Resistance

“…Based on these results, CT exercise appears to be the intervention that most rapidly loses its acquired benefits post-training compared with the HIIT and RT regimens, showing the poorest residual capacity to maintain FPG from 24h to post-72h of exercise cessation. There is evidence that CT could compromise the adaptations induced by each HIIT and RT alone ( Fyfe et al, 2014 ; Coffey and Hawley, 2017 ); it consists in that signaling responses mitochondrial biogenesis adaptations [i.e., adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-c coactivator-1] seem to diminish the muscle anabolic pathways activated by RT [i.e., mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)] and downstream effectors the 70kDa ribosomal S6 protein kinase (S6K) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein (4E-BP1; Ronnestad et al, 2012 ; Jones et al, 2016 ; Coffey and Hawley, 2017 ), and although we do not measure these molecular proteins, but apparently, it seems not at this moment to affect the metabolic and cardiovascular adaptations from CT ( Álvarez et al, 2019 ; Delgado-Floody et al, 2020 , 2021 ).…”

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Sleep: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Characteristics of the selected studies are presented in Table 1. Of them, three studies were conducted in Australia [19][20][21], three studies were conducted in Norway [22][23][24], two studies were conducted in the United States [25,26], two studies were conducted in Italy [27,28], two studies were conducted in Canada [29,30], two studies were conducted in Belgium [31,32], and one study was conducted in China [33], Germany [34], Switzerland [35], France [36], Spain [37], Chile [38], and Cyprus [39], respectively. In addition, 20 studies were written in English and one study was published in Chinese.…”

“…Figure 4 shows a forest plot of each individual study. These articles [21,26,[29][30][31]33,38,40] included 383 participants while only three of them provided subscale scores. Overall, HIIT has large beneficial effects on sleep quality reflected by PSQI global scores [WMD = −0.90, 95%CI (−1.72, −0.07), p = 0.03, n = 8].…”