Poor Oral Health as Risk Factor for Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Abstract

Objectives: Considerable evidence exists of the relationship between poor oral hygiene (therefore greater presence of plaque) and risk of pneumonia in special-care populations, including intensive care unit and nursing home settings. However, the effect of poor oral health on the development of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains to be established. We assessed the relationship between CAP and oral health in general adult population. Study design:Over 1-year period, 1,336 incident cases of CAP and 1,326 controls were enrolled in a populationbased case-control study. A questionnaire on CAP risk factors that included oral health-related questions, including visit to dentist in the last month, bleeding gums, gingivitis, dental dysaesthesia, dental prosthesis, gumboil in the last month, teeth move or lost, and periodontal disease was administered to all participants. Results:The prevalence of dental dysaesthesia and use of dental prosthesis was significantly higher among patients with CAP than in control subjects (23.3% vs. 19.7%, P = 0.043, and 45.6% vs. 40.8%, P = 0.016, respectively), whereas visit to the dentist in the last month was a preventive factor against the development of CAP (odds ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.55-0.92, P = 0.008). Results of bivariate analysis were confirmed in the adjusted multivariate logistic regression models. Conclusions:Poor oral health may contribute to a higher risk for CAP in adult patients. Oral hygiene practices are particularly important in subjects with dental dysaesthesia and dental prosthesis. Not only odontologists but also dental hygienists should be aware of the relationship between oral health and potentially severe lung infection.

Determinants of Community Acquired Pneumonia among Adult Patients at Health Facility in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

“…In consistent with this nding, a study from Korea (21) showed that frequent tooth brushing signi cantly decreased CAP. Another study from Spain (17) and Japan (10,20) also revealed that having poor dental hygiene increase a risk to develop CAP. This nding is also consistent with a study conducted in Tigray, Ethiopia (7,11).…”

“…In this study, individuals who did not regularly brush their teeth were 2.8 times more likely to develop CAP than those who regularly brush their teeth on a daily basis. Many research in geriatric, nursing home, hospitalized, and intensive care unit patients (15)(16)(17)(18)(19) have reported an association between oral health and pneumonia. Again, a Japanese study (20) revealed infrequent denture cleaning was signi cantly associated with pneumonia incidence.…”

Determinants of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Among Adults Patients Attending Debre Berhan University Hakim Gizaw Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia: A Case–Control Study

“…The oral hygiene and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia and nursing and healthcare-associated pneumonia (NHCAP) have been well established. 14 Many studies on geriatric, nursing home, hospitalized, and intensive care unit patients [17][18][19][20][21] have reported an association between oral health and pneumonia. Additionally, Japanese study 22 revealed that infrequent denture cleaning is significantly associated with the incidence of pneumonia.…”

Visuomenėje Įgytos Suaugusiųjų Pneumonijos Rizikos Veiksniai

“…išsivystymo rizika [23].Yra tiriamųjų darbų, įrodančių stiprią sąsają tarp burnos ertmės ligų ir VĮP išsivystymo rizikos padidėjimo. F. Rodriguez su bendraautoriais aprašė tiriamąjį darbą, kuriame pastebėjo, jog karštos arba šaltos medžiagos, sukeliančios dantų diesteziją -dantų ėduonies ar periodonto ligos rodiklis, dantų protezų dėvėjimas buvo nepriklausomi VĮP rizikos veiksniai [24]. Kiti mokslininkai pastebėjo, jog prasta burnos higiena gali kelti kvėpavimo takų infekcijų riziką [25,26].…”

“…Įdomu tai, kad prasta burnos sveikata ir burnos bei žarnyno ligos padidino VĮP riziką tiek pagyvenusiems žmonėms, tiek visuomenei. Dantų apnašos ir dantų protezai skatina kolonizaciją ir gali būti kvėpavimo takų patogenų kaupimosi vieta [24], todėl mūsų praktinė išvada, svarbi VĮP rizikos grupės žmonėms, yra dantų apnašų ir bakterijų kaupimosi prevencija, ypač dėvintiems dantų protezus ir sergantiems dantų ėduonies ar periodonto ligomis. Išvados 1.…”