Poor Chewing Ability Is Associated with Lower Mucosal Moisture in Elderly Individuals

Shinkawa, Tetsuko; Hayashida, Naomi; Mori, Kurumi; Washio, Keiichi; Hashiguchi, Kanami; Taira, Yasuyuki; Morishita, Michiko; Takamura, Noboru

doi:10.1620/tjem.219.263

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Other determinants are saliva, muscles (influencing bite force), and cultural habits and personality. In other words, also cultural and personality traits determine 'slow' and 'fast' swallowers [9,10,[16][17][18]. The multifactorial nature of the chewing process undoubtedly explains the large individual differences in the outcomes of this study on swallowing threshold parameters.…”

Section: Compensation For Impaired Chewing Capacitymentioning

confidence: 84%

Swallowing threshold parameters of subjects with complete dentures and overdentures

Witter¹,

Tekamp²,

Slagter³

et al. 2011

OJST

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Aim: To compare the chewing process and swallowing threshold parameters of subjects with complete dentures and overdentures with data obtained from subjects with complete natural dentitions. Methodology: The chewing process in terms of swallowing threshold parameters of four groups of subjects with complete dentures (all females) was quantified by sieving particles after chewing of an artificial test 'food' and compared with that of subjects with complete natural dentitions as a reference group (33 subjects). All subjects (except those of the reference group) had a complete denture in the upper jaw. Regarding the lower jaw two groups with complete dentures (with high (24 subjects), respectively low mandible (12 subjects)) and two groups with overdentures (implant-retained (22 subjects), respectively natural root supported (19 subjects)) were composed. Results: The 'overdenture-implants' group needed significantly more chewing cycles and time (mean: 45 cycles in 32 seconds) until 'swallowing' compared to the group with complete natural dentitions (mean: 26 cycles in 19 seconds until 'swallowing'). Also the 'complete denture-low mandible' group needed significantly more cycles and time (mean: 52 cycles in 44 seconds) until 'swallowing' than the complete dentition group. In the 'overdenture-natural roots' group these outcomes (33 cycles in 24 seconds) were not significantly different compared with the complete dentition group. The 'complete denture-high mandible' group (32 cycles in 26 seconds) needed not significantly more cycles until 'swallowing', however time until 'swallowing' was significantly longer compared to the complete dentition group. All denture groups had significantly larger mean particle sizes when 'swallowing' (sizes in the order of 3 mm) than the natural dentition group (about 2 mm). Conclusion: Despite efforts to compensate for a reduced chewing efficiency, subjects with complete dentures (including overdentures) had 50% larger median particle sizes when 'swallowing' compared to subjects with complete natural dentitions.

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Section: Compensation For Impaired Chewing Capacitymentioning

confidence: 84%

Swallowing threshold parameters of subjects with complete dentures and overdentures

Witter¹,

Tekamp²,

Slagter³

et al. 2011

OJST

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Objective methods include gummy jelly, 10 color changeable gum, 13 bite pressure scale 14,18 and ultrasonography. 11,12,14 In contrast, subjective methods include self-assessed chewing ability 19 and the number of foods indicated as being considered chewable. 5,6,20 This means that masticatory function is considered to be essential for elderly people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masseter muscle tension and chewing ability in older persons

Ohara

Hirano²,

Watanabe

et al. 2012

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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Aim: Mastication is an important function to maintain, not only for oral health, but also for quality of life. An easy‐to‐use method to evaluate the chewing ability of elderly people in any environment is necessary. Few studies have discussed the effectiveness of the masseter muscle by palpation. The purpose of this study was to clarify the availability of masseter muscle tension assessment methods by investigating its relationship with oral health status, and comparing it with other methods of assessing chewing ability. Methods: This cross‐sectional study was carried out with 547 community‐dwelling elderly subjects (246 men and 301 women; mean age 73.8 ± 6.2 years) who participated in a comprehensive annual geriatric health examination in 2010 at Kusatsu, Gunma, Japan. Chewing ability was evaluated by masseter muscle tension palpation, differences of masseter muscle thickness, occlusal force, self‐reported chewing ability, and the number of remaining and functional teeth. Masseter muscle thickness was measured by ultrasonography. Results: Masseter muscle thickness and occlusal force showed significant differences between males and females. The strength of masseter muscle tension palpation was significantly associated with men's occlusal force, masseter muscle thickness, the number of remaining and functional teeth, and self‐reported chewing ability (P < 0.05). Female participants showed a significant association with occlusal force, masseter muscle thickness, the number of remaining teeth, and self‐reported chewing ability and results of palpation (P < 0.05). Conclusion: These results showed that the palpation of masseter muscle tension is a reliable and easy‐to‐use method to evaluate the chewing ability of elderly people. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2013; 13: 372–377.

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“…Hyposalivation has been found to be negatively correlated with bite force 32 and chewing ability in the elderly 33 . Inefficient oral motor function in combination with prolonged meals has been suggested to be the reason for long oral clearance times and high oral glucose levels in people with disabilities 34 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective study on oral microbial flora and related variables in dentate dependent elderly residents

et al. 2011

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A prospective study on oral microbial flora and related variables in dentate dependent elderly residents Objective: Oral microorganisms and related variables were followed over a 1-year period in dentate dependent elderly. Background: For nursing personnel, oral hygiene for the dependent elderly is demanding. It requires good knowledge of how to carry out preventive oral health measures and to judge when help is needed. Previous studies indicate low levels of knowledge, which might be reflected in the oral health of dentate residents. Material and methods: Twenty-one subjects participated at baseline and 14 one year later. Microbial samples were analysed using cultivation technique. The labial minor gland secretion rate was measured using the Periotron Ò method, and oral clinical data were registered. Results: Low labial mucosal flow rates were seen for 95% of the participants. At baseline, visibly thick plaque was seen in 48% and 1 year later in 57%. Both frequency and number of bacteria associated with caries and frequency of microorganisms associated with oral soft tissue infections were high. One year later, a decrease in bacteria associated with good oral health and a tendency to an increase in aciduric microorganisms were seen. Conclusion: Poor oral health, tending to further deteriorate over time, advocates regular professional supplementary support when elderly dentate dependent residents need assistance with their oral care.

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Poor Chewing Ability Is Associated with Lower Mucosal Moisture in Elderly Individuals

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Swallowing threshold parameters of subjects with complete dentures and overdentures

Swallowing threshold parameters of subjects with complete dentures and overdentures

Masseter muscle tension and chewing ability in older persons

A prospective study on oral microbial flora and related variables in dentate dependent elderly residents

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