Pontibacillus halophilus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a sea urchin

Abstract

A Gram-positive-staining, moderately halophilic, strictly aerobic, catalase-and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain JSM 076056 T , was isolated from a sea urchin collected from the South China Sea. Cells were motile by means of peritrichous flagella and formed ellipsoidal endospores lying in subterminal swollen sporangia. Strain JSM 076056 T was able to grow at salinities of 2-25 % (w/v) total salts and at pH 6.0-10.0 and 15-40 6C; optimum growth was observed with 5-10 % (w/v) total salts and at pH 7.0-8.0 and 25-30 6C. It was incapable of growing with NaCl as the sole salt. meso-Diaminopimelic acid was present in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 16 : 0 , iso-C 14 : 0, anteiso-C 15 : 0 and C 16 : 1 v7c alcohol. The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7 and the genomic DNA G+C content was 45.5 mol%. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JSM 076056 T belonged to the family Bacillaceae and was related most closely to the type strains of the two recognized species of the genus Pontibacillus, namely Pontibacillus chungwhensis BH030062 T (96.4 % sequence similarity) and Pontibacillus marinus BH030004 T (96.2 %); these three strains formed a robust cluster in the phylogenetic tree. In combination, the phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data indicate that strain JSM 076056 T represents a novel species of the genus Pontibacillus, for which the name Pontibacillus halophilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JSM 076056 T (5CCTCC AA 207029 T 5DSM 19796 T 5KCTC 13190 T ).The genus Pontibacillus was first proposed by Lim et al. (2005a). Members of this genus are Gram-positive, moderately halophilic, strictly aerobic, motile, endosporeforming rods, having a meso-diaminopimelic acid cell-wall type and containing MK-7 as the predominant respiratory quinone. At the time of writing, the genus comprises two recognized species, Pontibacillus chungwhensis (Lim et al., 2005a) and Pontibacillus marinus (Lim et al., 2005b).During an investigation of the diversity of the microbial population of invertebrates inhabiting the South China Sea, we isolated a moderately halophilic bacterium, designated JSM 076056 T , from a sea urchin collected from Leizhou Bay, China. On the basis of the results of a polyphasic taxonomic study, this strain represents a novel species of the genus Pontibacillus.For strain isolation, serial dilutions (1 : 10) of a sea urchin homogenate were plated on Difco marine agar 2216 (MA; pH 7.5), supplemented with 0-20 % (w/v) NaCl, at 28 u C for 7-28 days. A yellow-pigmented colony, designated strain JSM 076056 T , was picked from a plate of MA supplemented with 10 % (w/v) NaCl. It was maintained both on slants of MA supplemented with 5 % (w/v) NaCl (containing approximately 7 % NaCl and 8.4 % total salts; here referred to as MA5) at 4 u C and in Difco marine broth 2216 (MB) supplemented with 20 % (v/v) glycerol at 280 u C. Unless indicated otherwise, morphological and physiological studi...

Pontibacillus salicampi sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from saltern soil

“…The genus Pontibacillus was originally proposed by Lim et al (2005a) with Pontibacillus chungwhensis as the type species of the genus and subsequently emended by Lim et al (2005b) and Chen et al (2010). At the time of writing, the genus Pontibacillus contains five species with validly published names (Parte, 2014), P. chungwhensis (Lim et al , 2005a), Pontibacillus marinus (Lim et al , 2005b), Pontibacillus halophilus (Chen et al , 2009), Pontibacillus litoralis (Chen et al , 2010) and Pontibacillus yanchengensis (Yang et al , 2011). Members of the genus Pontibacillus are Gram-stain-positive, moderately halophilic, strictly aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, motile, endospore-forming rods containing meso -diaminopimelic acid in their cell-walls, MK-7 as the predominant respiratory quinone and iso-C 15 : 0 and anteiso-C 15 : 0 as the predominant cellular fatty acids (Lim et al , 2005a, b; Chen et al , 2010).…”

Bacillus crassostreae sp. nov., isolated from an oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis)

“…Members of the genus Bacillus are generally characterized to be Gram-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, and have menaquinone-7 (MK-7) as the major respiratory quinone, and phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol as the major polar lipids and iso-/anteiso-C 15 : 0 as the predominant cellular fatty acids (Priest et al , 1988; Ash et al , 1991; Kämpfer, 1994; Täubel et al , 2003; Ahmed et al , 2007; Zhang et al , 2010; Kosowski et al , 2014). During an investigation of the diversity of the microbial population of invertebrates inhabiting Naozhou Island (20° 52–56′ N 110° 33–38′ E) in the South China Sea (Huang et al , 2009; Xiao et al , 2009, 2013), a number of novel taxa have been isolated (Chen et al , 2009a, b, c, 2010, 2011a, b, c). Here we describe the taxonomic properties of an endospore-forming, Gram-stain-positive bacterium, designated strain JSM 100118 T , which was isolated from an oyster ( Crassostrea hongkongensis ) collected from the tidal flat of Naozhou Island.…”

Prokaryotic and viral community of the sulfate‐rich crust from Peñahueca ephemeral lake, an astrobiology analogue

“…3): 96% of the bacterial metagenomic reads were affiliated to Firmicutes, 88% of which had their best match to the above mentioned P. marinus DSM 16465. This genus of endospore-forming rods encompasses seven moderately halophilic species that grow at NaCl concentrations from 1% to 20% (Lim et al, 2005;Chen et al, 2009Chen et al, , 2010Huang et al, 2015), although some strains of Pontibacillus marinus are able to grow up to 30% of salinity (Sass et al, 2008). Strains of this genus have been isolated from salt lakes (Hua et al, 2008, Jeon et al, 2008Daas et al, 2017), saline soils (Yang et al, 2011;Lee et al, 2015), and deep-sea hypersaline anoxic sediments (DHALs) of the Mediterranean Sea (Sass et al, 2008).…”