Ponderal gain, waist-to-hip ratio, and pubertal development in girls with type-1 diabetes mellitus

Codner, Ethel; Barrera, Álvaro; Mook‐Kanamori, Dennis O.; Bazaes, Rodrigo; Unanue, Nancy; Gaete, Ximena; Ávila, Alejandra; Ugarte, Francisca; Torrealba, I; Pérez, Virginia; Panteon, Eugenia; Cassorla, Fernando

doi:10.1111/j.1399-543x.2004.00059.x

Cited by 51 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…We found that pubertal development in the obese adolescent girls occurred earlier than that in the adolescent girls with T1DM. This finding is in agreement with what has been reported by others in obese (34) and adolescent girls with T1DM (35,36,37,38).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

High prevalence of hirsutism and menstrual disorders in obese adolescent girls and adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus despite different hormonal profiles

Samara-Boustani

Colmenares

Elie

et al. 2012

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objectives: To compare the pubertal development, the hormonal profiles and the prevalence of hirsutism and menstrual disorders in obese adolescent girls and adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods: Data were collected from 96 obese adolescent girls and 78 adolescent girls with T1DM at Tanner stage IV or V, whose ages ranged between 11.9 and 17.9 years. Results: High prevalence of hirsutism and menstrual disorder was found in the obese adolescent girls (36.5 and 42% respectively) and the adolescent girls with T1DM (21 and 44% respectively). The obese girls were significantly younger at pubarche, thelarche and menarche than the girls with T1DM. Hirsutism in the obese girls and those with T1DM was associated with hyperandrogenaemia and a raised free androgen index (FAI). When the cause of the raised FAI was investigated in both the groups of girls with hirsutism, the raised FAI in the obese girls was due to low serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels. In contrast, the raised FAI of the girls with T1DM and hirsutism was due to hyperandrogenaemia. Menstrual disorders in the T1DM girls were associated also with hyperandrogenaemia unlike obese girls. Conclusions: Hirsutism and menstrual disorders are common in obese adolescent girls and adolescent girls with T1DM. Although hyperandrogenaemia is present in both groups of girls, the androgenic profiles of the two groups differ. The hyperandrogenaemia in the obese girls is primarily due to their decreased serum SHBG levels, whereas the hyperandrogenaemia in the girls with T1DM is due to their increased androgen production.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

High prevalence of hirsutism and menstrual disorders in obese adolescent girls and adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus despite different hormonal profiles

Samara-Boustani

Colmenares

Elie

et al. 2012

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…In our study, we observed that T1D girls exhibit a delay in the attainment of breast Tanner stages 3 and 4 [2]. The German study documented a delay of 4 months for Tanner stage 3 only [1, 2], and pubic hair Tanner stages 3 and 4 were delayed in T1D girls from both studies.…”

Section: Pubertal Development and Ovarian Function In Girls With T1dmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…In view of the limitations in the available literature, we studied a large group of T1D girls and a concomitant control group, carefully matched both by ethnicity and socio-economic status [2]. We evaluated 100 T1D and 576 healthy girls in a cross-sectional study, and observed a similar age of onset of thelarche in both groups, which occurred one and a half years earlier than historical controls.…”

Section: Pubertal Development and Ovarian Function In Girls With T1dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Puberty and Ovarian Function in Girls with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Codner

Cassorla

2008

Horm Res Paediatr

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Insulin is well known for its effects on carbohydrate metabolism, but this hormone also plays an important role in regulating ovarian function. Granulosa, theca and stromal ovarian cells may be affected by insulin deficiency or excess, which may be present in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Recent publications have shown that in spite of intensive insulin therapy, some delay in the age of thelarche, pubarche and menarche is still observed in girls with T1D. In addition, ovarian hyperandrogenism may be observed during late adolescence and an increased prevalence of hirsutism and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has been described in adult women with T1D. These endocrine abnormalities may be related to nonphysiologic insulin replacement therapy and to hyperglycemia. This paper reviews the pubertal development and the clinical reproductive abnormalities observed in girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus, and shows that several significant clinical problems, such as pubertal delay, menstrual disturbances and hyperandrogenism which may ultimately lead to the development of PCOS in adulthood, may be observed in some of these patients.

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“…Recently, it has been shown that fat tissue is an endocrine gland that secretes numerous adipocytokines, which are involved in regulating insulin sensitivity. Since the secretion of these hormones is influenced by fat mass and since girls with DM1 gain excessive weight and fat mass during puberty [5,6,7], the involvement of these hormones in the pubertal process may be critical for understanding the endocrine abnormalities observed in DM1 girls during this period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adiponectin Serum Levels and Their Relationships to Androgen Concentrations and Ovarian Volume during Puberty in Girls with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2008

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Aim: To study the adiponectin levels during puberty in girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and their relationship to body mass index (BMI), Tanner stage, ovarian volume (OV), and androgen levels. Methods: We studied adiponectin and testosterone levels and OV in 56 pubertal girls with DM1 and in 59 healthy girls serving as controls. The effects of DM1, BMI standard deviation scores (BMI SDS), testosterone, and OV over adiponectin levels were assessed. Results: The adiponectin levels were higher in the DM1 girls as compared with the controls. There was a significant decrease in adiponectin concentrations during puberty in DM1 girls only. The adiponectin levels in the girls with DM1, but not in the controls, exhibited a negative correlation with OV (r = –0.427, p = 0.002) and testosterone (r = –0.262, p = 0.049). Regression analysis showed DM1, BMI SDS, testosterone levels, and OV to be significant factors over adiponectin levels. The effect of Tanner stage was due to differences in BMI SDS. Conclusions: Decreasing adiponectin levels observed during puberty in adolescents with DM1 correlate with increasing testosterone levels and OV. We observed higher adiponectin levels in DM1 patients only at the beginning of puberty. The lack of elevated adiponectin levels observed during the late stages of puberty in girls with DM1 may be involved in the metabolic abnormalities observed during this stage.

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Ponderal gain, waist-to-hip ratio, and pubertal development in girls with type-1 diabetes mellitus

Cited by 51 publications

References 32 publications

High prevalence of hirsutism and menstrual disorders in obese adolescent girls and adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus despite different hormonal profiles

High prevalence of hirsutism and menstrual disorders in obese adolescent girls and adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus despite different hormonal profiles

Puberty and Ovarian Function in Girls with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Adiponectin Serum Levels and Their Relationships to Androgen Concentrations and Ovarian Volume during Puberty in Girls with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

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