Polyvinyl Alcohol/Sodium Alginate Hydrogels Incorporated with Silver Nanoclusters via Green Tea Extract for Antibacterial Applications

Abstract

Silver-based nanoparticles and biomaterials have extensive biomedical applications owing to their unique antimicrobial properties. Thus, green and facile synthesis of such materials is highly desirable. This study reports an antibacterial hydrogel based on polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate network with the incorporation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which is greenly synthesized by reductive metabolites obtained from the leaves of green tea. The 'flower-shape' AgNPs were acquired, it formed a mono-disperse system with a distinct uniform interparticle separation. The average size of AgNPs varied from 129.5 to 243.6 nm, which could be regulated by using different volumes of the green tea extract. Zeta potentials of the AgNPs were from −39.3 mV to −20.3 mV, indicating the moderate stability of the particles in water. In the next stage, the antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate hydrogels were fabricated by incorporating prepared AgNPs. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images showed that the porous structure was obtained, and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis confirmed that the AgNPs were uniformly dispersed in the polymer network. The hydrogels exhibited superior water absorption properties, which were characterized by a high swelling ratio (500-900%) and fast equilibrium. The hydrogels also exhibited good antimicrobial activity in assays with Gram-positive bacteria Escherichia coli and Gram-negative bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. To sum up, a process for the green preparation of antibacterial hydrogels based on AgNPs derived from tea leaves as a conveniently available cheap local agricultural product was established.

Silver‐doped biphasic calcium phosphate/alginate microclusters with antibacterial property and controlled doxorubicin delivery

“…It has been well-established that BCP, as synthetic CaP bioceramics, has good biocompatibility and nonimmune response. 54 Due to the lower toxicity for human cells, inhibiting aerobic respiration, damaging DNA, 55,56 AgNPs, synthesized by chemical reduction, photoreduction, and green one-step, [57][58][59] have been widely applied in the treatment of bacterial infection. All of these endows the Ag BA microclusters with good antibacterial properties ( Figure 5) and cytocompatibility ( Figure 7).…”

Alginate-Based Composite and Its Biomedical Applications

“…Ionic cross-linking is a representative fabrication method of alginate dressings. Multivalent ions are chosen to fabricate gel, such as calcium [33], magnesium [34], iron [35]. Free-dried porous sheets and fibrous dressing that followed are formed.…”

Potential of Topical Cosmeceuticals Cream Functionalized with Biogenic Metallic Nanostructured Material as Antibacterial Agents

“…Silver nanoparticles embedded cream demonstrated zeta potential of -12.83 mV might be due to aggregation in cream base. The zeta potential depends on the possible reaction between nanoparticles and the base with different charges [51].…”