Polyvictimization and Developmental Trauma Adaptations in Sex Trafficked Youth

Hopper, Elizabeth K.

doi:10.1007/s40653-016-0114-z

Cited by 40 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Greenbaum ( 147 ) summarized the (limited) knowledge about child sex trafficking. Using qualitative research methods, Hopper et al ( 148 ), analyzed hospital charts of sex trafficking youth and found that already existing ED and behavioral problems increased the vulnerability for sex trafficking. Thus, a vicious cycle of ED in traumatized children may be detected: on one hand, ED can be seen as a consequence of trauma ( 91 ), on the other hand, children and adolescents with ED are at risk to be exposed to traumatizing situations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional Dysregulation in Children and Adolescents With Psychiatric Disorders. A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Emotional dysregulation (ED) is a transdiagnostic construct defined as the inability to regulate the intensity and quality of emotions (such as, fear, anger, sadness), in order to generate an appropriate emotional response, to handle excitability, mood instability, and emotional overreactivity, and to come down to an emotional baseline. Because ED has not been defined as a clinical entity, and because ED plays a major role in child and adolescent psychopathology, we decided to summarize current knowledge on this topic based on a narrative review of the current literature.Methods: This narrative review is based on a literature search of peer-reviewed journals. We searched the databases ERIC, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO and PSYNDEX on June 2, 2020 for peer reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2020 in English language for the preschool, school, and adolescent age (2–17 years) using the following search terms: “emotional dysregulation” OR “affect dysregulation,” retrieving 943 articles.Results: The results of the literature search are presented in the following sections: the relationship between ED and psychiatric disorders (ADHD, Mood Disorders, Psychological Trauma, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Non-suicidal Self-Injury, Eating Disorders, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder, Disruptive Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder, Personality Disorders, Substance Use Disorder, Developmental Disorders, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Psychosis and Schizophrenia, and Gaming Disorder), prevention, and treatment of ED.Conclusion: Basic conditions of ED are genetic disposition, the experience of trauma, especially sexual or physical abuse, emotional neglect in childhood or adolescence, and personal stress. ED is a complex construct and a comprehensive concept, aggravating a number of various mental disorders. Differential treatment is mandatory for individual and social functioning.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional Dysregulation in Children and Adolescents With Psychiatric Disorders. A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Definitions. Trauma bonding was defined in 10 of the reviewed studies (Contreras et al, 2017;Hardy et al, 2013;Hom & Woods, 2013;Hopper, 2017;J. Jordan et al, 2013;Lopez & Minassians, 2018;Mehlman-Orozco, 2017;Raghavan & Doychak, 2015;Reid, 2016;Sanchez et al, 2019).…”

Section: Definitions and Characteristics Of Trauma Bondingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma Bonding Perspectives From Service Providers and Survivors of Sex Trafficking: A Scoping Review

Casassa

Knight

Mengo

2021

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A trauma bond is an emotional attachment between an abuser and victim. Trauma bonds in sex trafficking compel victims to submit to continued exploitation and protect the trafficker. This scoping review examines trauma bonds in sex trafficking situations, its conceptualizations, and key characteristics. Ten databases were searched using sex trafficking AND trauma bonding–related terms; sex trafficking AND Stockholm syndrome, attachment, coercion, and manipulation. Articles were included if they featured trauma bonding, were published in English after 2013, or featured sex trafficking victims or traffickers in a Western country. Fifteen articles were included. The features of trauma bonding identified in these articles were (1) imbalance of power that favors trafficker, (2) traffickers’ deliberate use of positive and negative interactions, (3) victim’s gratitude for positive interactions and self-blame for the negative, and (4) victim’s internalization of perpetrator’s view. We also identified four aspects related to trauma bonding: (1) prior trauma made victims vulnerable, (2) victim’s feelings of love remained even after exiting trafficking, (3) love is why victims do not prosecute traffickers, and (4) traffickers’ intentional cultivation of the trauma bond. No article indicated how trauma bonds could be severed and replaced with healthy attachments. These findings reveal the need for practitioners and law enforcement and criminal justice professionals to address trauma bonding in both trafficking and posttrafficking situations. The findings also represent potential targets for urgently needed interventions that promote the replacement of trauma bonds with healthy attachments.

show abstract

“…The external predator must conjure channels of contact to groom and solidify a relationship with the child that will not only allow the abuse to occur but also reduce the likelihood of disclosure (Salter, 2003). Trauma bonding, or a keen identification with the perpetrator, need not be as intentionally manufactured (Hooper, 2016), and yet it is inherent in the familial structure and dynamic.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Justice Professionals’ Lens on Familial Trafficking Cases

Allert

2021

Criminal Justice Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Of the 30+ forms of human trafficking that exist worldwide, family-facilitated trafficking of minors receives little attention in the United States. This original research study sought to identify the prevalence, characteristics, and challenges associated with familial trafficking cases as experienced by justice professionals in the areas of case identification, investigation, prosecution, and victim services. The study included a survey and in-depth interviews leading to recommendations for increased training, improved data collection and reporting, heeding minors’ testimony, and expanding our victim service options.

show abstract

Polyvictimization and Developmental Trauma Adaptations in Sex Trafficked Youth

Cited by 40 publications

References 25 publications

Emotional Dysregulation in Children and Adolescents With Psychiatric Disorders. A Narrative Review

Emotional Dysregulation in Children and Adolescents With Psychiatric Disorders. A Narrative Review

Trauma Bonding Perspectives From Service Providers and Survivors of Sex Trafficking: A Scoping Review

Justice Professionals’ Lens on Familial Trafficking Cases

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About